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Research Methods
Brain
NT and Nervous System
Learning
Memory
100
List three types of research designs.

Experiment

Survey

Case Study

Observation

Correlation

Longitudinal

100
Which of the following aspects of long-term memory is “unlimited”? a. capacity b. duration c. both capacity and duration d. None of these
What is c. both capacity and duration
100
Which of the following is a technique for improving transfer of information to long-term memory? a. hierarchy b. visual imagery c. mnemonic devices d. All of these
What is d. All of these
100
Susan beat her husband’s car with a baseball bat, but says that she cannot remember anything about the crime. At the time of the hearing, she was fully aware of what was going on in the courtroom and was able to understand the legal proceedings. Susan is likely to be judged _______; her _______ is still questionable. a. guilty; competence b. competent; sanity c. sane; guilt d. guilty; sanity
What is b. competent; sanity
100
Flashbulb memories are likely to occur for ___________ events. a. positive emotional b. negative emotional c. distinctive d. All of these
What is d. All of these
200
Describe 1 of the 2 main reasons an operational definition is used in research.

1. An operational definition allows anyone to replicate the experiment in the exact same way.

2. It also allows for an objective description of how a variable will be measured.

200
Which effect is more enduring? a. primacy b. recency c. primacy and recency are equally enduring d. neither primacy nor recency has been convincingly demonstrated
What is a. primacy
200
Combining individual letters or numbers into larger units to increase the capacity of short-term memory is called: a. condensing. b. elaborating. c. chunking. d. collapsing.
What is c. chunking.
200
All of the following are components of anxiety responses, except: a. behavioral. b. cognitive. c. spiritual. d. physiological.
What is c. spiritual.
200
Research suggests that information learned in a depressed mood will be better recalled in a ____________ mood. a. depressed b. happy c. nervous d. None of these—mood congruent memory is an unreliable phenomenon
What is d. None of these—mood congruent memory is an unreliable phenomenon
300
If I am trying to answer the following question: Does the vitamin increase IQ in humans?

The IV (independent variable) is ______________.

The DV (dependent variable) is _______________.

IV: vitamin

DV: IQ

300
When you take notes in class and highlight portions of the text you are primarily engaging ______________ processing. a. effortful b. generative c. primacy d. recency
What is a. effortful
300
Which of the following best explains exceptionally good memory? a. practice b. meaningful associations c . efficient storage and retrieval systems d. All of these
What is d. All of these
300
Larry has a fear of cats. When he sees a cat, he stops in his tracks and hopes the cat will go in the other direction. If the cat comes toward him, he walks away from it as far as he can. He will not go over to a friend’s house if he knows that they have a cat. Larry has a. generalized anxiety disorder. b. specific phobia c. obsessive-compulsive disorder. d. posttraumatic stress disorder.
What is b. specific phobia
300
Posttraumatic stress disorder occurs in people who have: a. naturally high levels of anxiety. b. been exposed to at least one traumatic life event. c. too much serotonin. d. All of these
What is b. been exposed to at least one traumatic life event.
400

I want to measure the attitudes of college students across the USA on political beliefs. In order to do this I will be surveying SC college students.

What is the population?

What is the sample?

Is this sample random?

Population: All USA college students

Sample: SC college students

This sample is NOT random.

400
Information about frequency, spatial location, and sequence of events often enters memory through ____________ processing. a. generative b. consolidated c. automatic d. primacy
What is c. automatic
400
Your memory of your 5th birthday party would be an example of ___________ memory. a. associated b. episodic c. semantic d. procedural
What is b. episodic
400
People with panic disorder have panic attacks that occur: a. out of the blue. b. in response to a feared object. c. in social situations. d. if they are prevented from completing a compulsion.
What is a. out of the blue.
400
Emotionally, schizophrenics often display _______ affect. a. blunted b. flat c. inappropriate d. All of these
What is d. All of these
500
The APA (American Psychological Association) addresses ethical issues in research.

What are 4 important issues the APA and IRB (Institutional Review Board) deal with?

Describe what the implications are of each.

Informed consent - all participants must know what their participation will involve and the potential risks

Confidentiality - researchers are responsible for keeping all data completely confidential and if possible anonymous.

Debriefing - after the study is complete, a researcher should tell the participants the purpose of the research and the methods used.

Deception - deception should only be used when the benefits outweigh the risks and there is no other way to test the hypothesis.

500
Which of the following is more effective for transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory? a. maintenance rehearsal b. elaborative rehearsal c. maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal are equally effective. d. neither maintenance rehearsal nor elaborative rehearsal are effective
What is b. elaborative rehearsal
500
A retrieval cue is a(n) _____________ stimulus that activates information stored in long-term memory. a. internal b. external c. either internal or external d. None of these
What is c. either internal or external
500
In obsessive-compulsive disorder: a. compulsions reduce the anxiety associated with obsessions. b. obsessions are behaviors that a person feels compelled to do. c. compulsions are thoughts that a person has over and over. d. All of these
What is a. compulsions reduce the anxiety associated with obsessions.
500
During college, students will often encounter the point at which: a. their long-term memory has reached capacity. b. their long-term memory has reached the limit of its duration. c. their long-term memory has reached capacity and the limit of its duration. d. None of these—there is no limit to capacity or duration
What is d. None of these—there is no limit to capacity or duration