Biology
Once a neuron has fired, it cannot fire again until after...
a. depolarization
b. the resting potential has passed
c. the refractory period
d. activation
c. the refractory period
Genesis has learned the names of all the countries and their capitals in South America. This knowledge is referred to as
a. semantic memory
b. long-term potentiation
c. a flashbulb memory
d. memory consolidation
c. semantic memory
Three year old Stan can't remember any events from a family cruise to Bermuda when he was 1 year old. This best illustrates...
a. Stranger anxiety
b. an insecure attachment
c. infantile amnesia
d. egocentrism
c. infantile amnesia
A positive reinforcer is anything that when introduced after a response, ________ the response.
a. strengthens
b. weakens
c. does not effect
d. eliminates
a. strengthens
Frequency is to pitch as amplitude is to
a. rhythm
b. loudness
c. olfaction
d. wavelenth
b. loudness
The junction between the axon tips of sending neurons and the dendrites or cell bodies of receiving neurons are called...
a. interneurons
b. synapses
c. neural networks
d. thresholds
b. synapses
Three basic measures of memory retention are...
a. chunking, rehearsing, and semantic processing
b. encoding, storage, and retrieval
c. sensory memory, short term, and long term memory
d. recall, recognition, and relearning
b. encoding, storage, and retrieval
a. a critical period
b. an epigenetic mark
c. a startle reflex
d. stranger anxiety
c. a startle reflex
Bandera's experiments indicate that _______ is important in the process of learning.
a. latent learning
b. instinctive drift
c. modeling
d. a fixed interval reinforcement schedule
c. modeling
Which of the following determines the perceived brightness of colors?
a. Hue
b. Intensity
c. Wavelength
d. Amplitude
d. amplitude
Epigenetic research has demonstrated that experiencing abuse during childhood can...
a. affect normal gene expression
b. affect social relationships
c. reduce intelligence
d. aid cognitive growth
a. affect normal gene expression
The tendency to recall items that appear first on a list is called (the) ________
a. recency affect
b. primacy effect
c. mood congruency
d. priming
b. primacy effect
Children begin to demonstrate that they know how to put words in a sensible order during the ________ stage.
a. babbling
b. syntactic
c. two-word
d. universal grammar
c. two word
Coffee shops that reward customers with a free drink after 10 coffee purchases are using a _________ reinforcement schedule.
a. fixed-interval
b. variable-interval
c. fixed-ratio
d. variable-ratio
c. fixed-ratio
Prolonged exposure to any sounds above 85 _______ can produce hearing loss.
a. Amps
b. Watts
c. ESPs
d. Decibels
D. Decibels
The chemical messengers that are passed from one neuron to another during an action potential are called...
a. dendrites
b. neurotransmitters
c. synapses
d. hormones
b. neurotransmitters
The human capacity for storing long-term memories is...
a. essentially limitless
b. roughly equal to seven units of information
c. typically, much greater in younger children than in adults
d. greatly reduced after people reach the age of 65
a. essentially limitless
What did Harry Harlow and Margaret Harlow find when they studied monkeys?
a. Attachment derives from an association with nourishment.
b. Attachment derives from an association with the smell of the mother.
c. Attachment derives from bodily contact.
d. Attachment derives from an association with the voice (sound) of the mother.
c. attachment derives from bodily contact
The desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake is called ___________.
a. observation learning
b. extrinsic motivation
c. latent learning
d. intrinsic motivation
d. intrinsic motivation
Although Betsy was sitting right next to her boyfriend, she smelled a badger before he did. Apparently, Betsy has a lower _______ for badger odor than her boyfriend.
a. critical period
b. tolerance level
c. absolute threshold
d. sensory adaptation
c. absolute threshold
Information is carried from the central nervous system to the bodies muscles and glands by...
a. Interneurons
b. sensory neurons
c. motor neurons
d. adrenal glands
c. motor neurons
An attorney uses misleading questions to distort a court witness' recall of a previously observed crime. This best illustrates...
a. anterograde amnesia
b. the misinformation effect
c. proactive interference
d. positive transfer
b. the misinformation effect
Which parenting style is characterized by parents being coercive by imposing rules and expecting obedience?
a. trusting
b. permissive
c. authoritative
d. authoritarian
d. authoritarian
The tendency for distributed study to yield better long-term retention than massed study is known as...
a. the testing effect
b. deep processing
c. the spacing effect
d. chunking
c. the spacing effect
The perceived color of visible light is determined by its
a. proximity
b. wavelength
c. continuity
d. Jnd
b. wavelength