Nervous System and Structure
This division of the nervous system helps to communicate sensory information
Somatic Nervous System
Name a sleep-promoting neurotransmitter (or hormone)
Adenosine
GABA
melatonin
These types of cycles last around 24 hours.
Circadian
This part of the neuron contains the myelin sheath.
Axon
This neurotransmitter is considered the master wakefulness chemical and is produced by the TMN (tubromammillary nucleus)
Histamine
This circadian rhythm disorder occurs most often in blind individuals who cannot receive light input.
Non-24
This brain structure regulates essential life functions such as respiration and regulates sleep and wakefulness.
Brainstem or more specifically, medulla
This neurotransmitter is produced by the LC (locus coerules)
norepinephrine
This circadian rhythm disorder occurs most frequently in older adults, and individuals with this disorder often fall asleep and wake up at least 2 hours earlier than is expected.
Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder
This gland produces and secretes melatonin
Pineal
Name an area in the pons responsible for releasing acetylcholine.
PPT and LDT
pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
lateral dorsal tegmental area
_____ describes the matching of our circadian rhythm with external environmental clocks.
Entrainment
This area in the brain is a network of neurons that communicates between the brainstem and the cerebral cortex to promote alertness and wakefulness.
Ascending Reticular Activating System
This neurotransmitter is released by the "sleep switch" and turns off alerting areas in the hypothalamus.
GABA
Without the entrainment of external cues (e.g., daylight), our circadian rhythm tends to drift in a _____ direction.
Delay