Erikson’s Development Stages
According to Erikson, the inability to make a decision about who you are leads to this condition.
What is role confusion?
This is the idea that when we focus on one thing, we may miss other obvious details in our environment.
What is selective attention?
This is the tendency to think that the past was more predictable after an event has already happened.
What is hindsight bias?
This happens when details of a memory are altered due to information introduced later.
What is the misinformation effect?
This is the process by which the brain filters out irrelevant information to focus on what is most important.
What is selective attention?
This phase involves experimenting with different identities before settling on one.
What is moratorium?
This happens when we use a mental shortcut to make quick judgments, often leading to bias.
What is heuristics?
This bias occurs when we tend to believe information that confirms our pre-existing beliefs.
What is confirmation bias?
This occurs when we remember an event but misattribute the source of that memory.
What is misattribution?
This occurs when we miss changes in our environment because we are focused on something else.
What is change blindness?
This stage happens after adolescence and focuses on the development of close, intimate relationships.
What is intimacy vs. isolation?
This process involves recalling a memory with added or incorrect details that weren’t originally present.
What is reconstructive memory?
This bias occurs when we are more likely to believe something that fits with our group’s beliefs or interests.
What is in-group bias?
This is the process of storing a memory with a distorted or incomplete version of the original event.
What is reconstruction?
This is the mental cost that occurs when we switch between tasks, which reduces efficiency.
What is task switching?
A person who consistently makes choices that align with their values has reached this stage.
What is identity commitment?
This bias occurs when we rely on the first piece of information we encounter to make judgments.
What is anchoring bias?
This bias makes us give more weight to negative information than positive information.
What is negativity bias?
This is when a person becomes more confident in a memory after telling it multiple times, despite changing details.
What is repeated recall?
This happens when too much information overwhelms our cognitive capacity.
What is cognitive load?
This concept refers to the process of figuring out who you are over time, even as you experience different life stages.
What is identity formation?
This happens when we remember something confidently, but our memory of it is not accurate.
What is the confidence–accuracy relationship?
This bias occurs when we make judgments based on the first information we receive.
What is anchoring bias?
This is when a person has vivid memories of an emotional event, but the details may not be accurate.
What is emotional memory distortion?
This occurs when we feel productive while multitasking but perform worse due to divided attention.
What is attentional depletion?