Vocab
Agnosia is...
inability to identify familiar objects and people
what is delirium?
disturbance in attention and awareness
-impairments don't interfere with essential ADLS
-may/may not progress
what is "mild neurocognitive disorders"
pts are extraordinarily alert (scanning eyes, difficulty falling asleep, agitated at night).
What is "hypervigilance"
who does Alzheimer's effect?
everyone but mainly women, late onset (>65), 60-80% of dementia patients
Apraxia is...
loss of purposeful movement in absence of motor/sensory impairment
4 cardinal features of delirium
1. acute onset and fluctuating course
2. inattention
3. disorganized thinking
4. altered level of consciousness
Risk factors for Alzheimer's
genetics, neurobiological, cardiovascular disease, head/brain injury or trauma, social engagement and diet
creation of stories or answers in place of actual memories to maintain self esteem (unconsciously)
what is "confabulation"
tachycardia, sweating, flushed face, dilated pupils, elevated BP
Illusions and hallucinations
what is "s/s of delirium"?
hypermetarorhosis
urge to touch everything
delirium with agitation
what is "hyperactive delirium"
How many stages of Alzheimer's
3
1-mild, function independently, recognize memory loss
2- moderate, pt confuses word, acts unexpectedly, becomes confused of day and location
3- severe, loses ability to respond to environment and perform ADLS
illusion vs hallucination
illusion- error in perception of stimuli (cord=snake)
hallucination- false sensory stimuli
in delirium pt will have periods of lucidity? (T/F)
true, reorient during periods of lucidity
preservation is..
persistent repetition of a word, gesture or phrase
Risk factors for delirium
cognitive impairment, OA, ICUs, polypharmocolgy, surgery, stroke, vision impairment, aphasia, restraint use, change in hospital rooms
what is "planning, organizing, abstract thinking"
tendency for mood to deteriorate and agitation to increase in later part of the day/ night
what is "sundowning"
Dementia VS Alzheimers
Dementia is general term for decline in mental ability sever enough to effect ADLs, umbrella term
Alzheimer's- most common cause of dementia, specific disease
hyperorality is...
tendency to taste, chew, and put everything in mouth
Name 3 nursing diagnosis's for Delirium
-risk for injury, acute confusion, disturbes sleep pattern, fear, impaired verbal communication, self care deficits, impaired social interaction
Name 3 nursing diagnosis's for Alzheimer's..
-risk for injury, risk for wandering, impaired verbal communication, confusion, impaired memory, impaired environmental interpretation syndrome
Attention and orientation are part of ___ level domain
What is "lower level domain"
acetylcholine deficiency linked with Alzheimers.. what is given?
cholinesterase inhibitors