Memory
Information can be encoded, stored, and retrieved.
What is Memory
Organizing information into smaller meaningful units
What is Chunking?
a collection of personal life events, including episodic memory and personal semantic memory (self-knowledge)
Episodic: graduation, having a baby
Personal: allergies, favorite book
What is autobiographical memory?
After retrieval, memories return to long-term memory store, the way you last recalled it.
Long term memories are not permanent. Over time pieces of information is lost.
What is Reconsolidation?
First to be diagnosed with hyperthymesia syndrome
Involuntary memories
What is Jill Price?
What is How is it Measured?
Recall/Retrieving
Fill-in-the-blank
Recognition
Multile-choice
Relearning
Reviews that take place after the original learning event
Spacing effect: produces better long-term memory
Testing Effect: repeated self-testing. Better to generate questions. (active involvement with material)
What is Distributed Practice?
detailed and "accurate" memory of positive or negative events
What is Flashbulb Memory?
Illustrates how memories can be easily influenced
- Leading questions
What is Misinformation Effect?
Autistic Savant
Draws a Panoramic landscape
Eidetic Memory
What is Stephen Wiltshire?
Iconic (visual memory)
Persistence of vision
Echoic (auditory memory)
Persistence of sound
What is Sensory Memory?
Shallow Processing and Deep Processing
What is Levels of Processing
The ability to recall vivid details of the image after brief exposure
What is Photographic Memory (Eidetic Memory)?
Repeatedly imaging non-existent reactions, creates false memories
What is Imagining Effect?
Approximately 15-20 seconds store
chunking
What is Short Term Memory?
focuses on physical features/characteristics of words, such as spelling, letter case. Involves little attention to meaning.
What is Shallow Processing?
Music cues involuntary memory recall; occurs as an autonomic response to a stimulus with its music
activates the auditory complex, limbic system, and hippocampus
What is Meams?
Verbal: asking participants to recall a story or word list
Visual: asking the examinee to copy a figure, then recall it at a later time
What is Episodic Memory?
Recall of concepts, facts, and ideas
- Built on schemas or organised information
encoding and retrieval
some information lost over time
working memory: new info is linked w/LTM. Long term info is retrieved and processed (bring back to conscious awareness)
What is Long Term Memory?
Focuses on meaning and associations with other concepts or experiences
What is Deep Processing?
Misinformation, Imagination Effects, and Reconsolidating
What is Influence our Memory Construction?
Serial Reaction Time
- measures recognition and response
- visual cues are repeated in a sequential pattern
- Then random trials are presented
- Differences in response (reaction) times are calculated
What is Procedural Memory?
Free Recall
- may be paired with psychological measures
What is Emotional Conditioning Memory?