Awareness that physical quantities remain constant in spite of changes in their shape or appearance was called this by Piaget
What is conservation?
100
This law states that behaviors followed with satisfying consequences are more likely to occur.
What is the Law of Effect?
100
Creating a conditioned response to a neutral stimulus by pairing it with an unconditioned stimulus is known as this.
What is classical conditioning?
100
The mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge.
What is cognition?
100
You eat chili for dinner and get sick after. Now you cannot even think about eating chili again. That can be explained by this concept.
What is aversion?
200
This stage extends roughly from age 2 to age 7. Children become better at using mental images, but still have not mastered conservation.
What is the preoperational stage?
200
Increased aggression, a poorer relationship and behavior problems are unintended consequences of this.
What is punishment?
200
Increasing or decreasing likelihood of behavior through consequences
What is operant conditioning?
200
This is the tendency to perceive an item only in terms of its most common use
What is functional fixedness?
200
This theory believes people are active in their own learning and influence it by factors such as cognition and attention.
What is social learning theory?
300
These are the two skills Selman was interested in during his study of social cognition.
What are perceptual and conceptual role-taking?
300
Negative reinforcement _____ the likeliness that a behavior will occur.
What is increases?
300
Little Albert was scared of not only white rats, but also Santa's beard, rabbits, etc. because of this principle.
What is stimulus generalization?
300
We now know that animals like crows perform complex cognition because they will combine more than one of these to get food.
What are tools?
300
Studies of recall suggest children may not remember things as well in this setting.
What is the laboratory?
400
This is how Selman studied the development of social cognition.
What are interviews with children and adolescents.
400
With this type of reinforcement, you are more likely to do something because you saw someone else do it.
What is vicarious reinforcement?
400
When you go too long without pairing the conditioned stimulus with the unconditioned stimulus, this will happen.
What is extinction?
400
This concept suggests that language and thought interact, and that different languages may lead people to think about things differently.
What is linguistic relativity?
400
Praise is an example of this type of reinforcer.
What is a secondary reinforcer?
500
This is one reason why co-sleeping might in some ways make babies more independent.
What is feeding on their own, not needing bedtime rituals, dressing self more by preschool, etc.
500
My car will not stop making an annoying beeping sound until I put my seatbelt on, so I make sure to always wear it. The beeping is an example of this.
What is a negative reinforcement?
500
A rat gets a reward when he presses a button after a light turns on. If he presses the button when the light is off he doesn't get a reward. The light is an example of this
What is a discriminative stimulus?
500
This theory suggests that human decision strategies are simplistic and often yield irrational results.
What is the theory of bounded rationality?
500
This is defined as active efforts to discover what must be done to achieve a goal that is not readily attainable