Terms
What is psychology
the science of behavior and mental processes
(SG 1)
____ believed mental illnesses are caused by subconscious events.
Sigmund Freud
(SG 12)
William James was the founder of ________.
Functionalism
(SG 9)
What do Counseling and Clinical Psychology study?
The study of mental health problems and vocational guidance.
(SG 24)
Community psychology studies individualism in relation to __________.
1. societal roles
2. relationships
3. social environments
4. all of the above
All of the above
Community psychology studies individualism in relation to societal roles and relationships.
The field functions to create social and physical environments that are healthy for all.
(SG Mod 1 4)
What is Psychiatry
The study of the medical treatment of psychological disorders
(SG 2)
What are the two things John Watson is famous for?
1. conditioning Little Albert
2. Founding behaviorism
(SG 14)
The ______________ tries to determine how information is encoded, stored, transformed, and retrieved by the brain.
Cognitive Approach
Cognitive Psychologists study the Cognitive Approach.
(SG 17) (SG 22)
__________ studies brain mechanisms and underlying behavior.
Physiological psychology
(SG 20)
Which of the following uses scientific methods to explore the building of a "good life"
1. humanistic psychology
2. behavioral genetics
3. positive psychology
4. community psychology
Positive Psychology!
Uses scientific methods to explore the building of a "good life" that engages our skills and a "meaningful life" that points beyond ourselves
(SG Mod 1 3)
_____ is the scientific study of the relationship between behavior and reinforcement
Behaviorism!
(SG 13)
____ thought the soul was separate from the body and was not subject to physical laws.
Rene Descartes
(SG 3)
The approach made famous by Freud that assumes mental illness is caused by subconscious events.
Psychoanalysis
(SG 11)
Cooper is a ____________ psychologist who studies how the nervous system receives and interprets information from the senses.
Sensation and Perception
(SG 21)
Behavioral genetics studies behaviors in relation to _______ and _______.
genetic differences and environmental factors.
Behavioral genetics definition--> The study of how humans’ behaviors differ in relation to varying genetic influence. Studies the relationship between nature vs nurture// genetic vs environmental factors on behavior.
(SG Mod 1 2)
What is the Computer Metaphor?
Just like in a computer, information in the brain can be stored, retrieved, and transformed using “mental programs.”
This is the metaphor upon which the Cognitive approach relies.
(SG 18)
Whose theory influenced the functionalists?
(Bonus points if you can say why the theory was influential.)
Darwin’s theory of evolution influenced functionalists. Functionalists were trying to understand the mind by finding its evolutionary purpose.
(SG 10) (SG 8)
Which of the following was not a reason behaviorism declined in popularity?
1. It could not explain the language phenomena
2. The experiments were unethical (ex: Little Albert)
3. It ignored unobservable mechanisms inside the brain, only focusing on the observable
NOT a reason -- 2. The experiments were unethical (ex: Little Albert)
B.F Skinner's experiments on operant conditioning were ethical.
(SG 15 and 16)
Cognitive psychology includes the studies of ________.
attention, memory, language, and problem-solving.
(SG 22)
Humanistic psychology strives to foster ______.
human potential
Full definition--> An approach to psychology that focuses on humans’ need for love and acceptance and on environments that nurture or limit personal growth. Strives to foster well-being and human potential.
(SG Mod 1 Q1)
_________ is the observation of one's own mental state and was the main research technique of Structuralism.
Introspection
BONUS: Why is introspection a bad method for studying mental events?
(SG 4) (SG 7)
(A)___________ opened the first psychology laboratory in Germany and his student (B)___________ opened the first Psychology laboratory in America.
(A) Wilhelm Wundt - the founder of psychology
(B) Edward Titchener - the founder of structuralism
(SG 5 and 6)
Psychologists studying the evolutionary approach develop their theories by speculating about (A)________ and differed from functionalism because (B)________.
(A) What brain structures would have been useful in the environment when the human brain was evolving.
(B) it attempts to create theories capable of being tested
(SG 19)
If a psychologist was studying differences in behavior patterns among college majors, they would be considered a ____________.
Social Psychologist.
Social psychologists study how people influence and relate to one another.
(SG 23)
Which of the following is heavily influenced by Maslow's hierarchy of human needs?
1. humanistic psychology
2. behavioral genetics
3. positive psychology
4. community psychology
humanistic psychology
(SG Mod 1 Q1)