Topic 1.1
What does the psychometric approach attempt to measure?
Intelligence using standardised tests and numerical scores
Which approach views intelligence as the ability to process, store and use information?
A. the information processing approach
B. Sternbergs triarchic theory of intelligence
C. Garners multiple intelligences
D. Golemans emotional intelligence (EQ)
A. the information processing approach
What is the statistical measure used to determine significant difference between two groups?
P value (<0.05)
Behaviour that helps an individual function effectively within their environment and have good mental health is called
Adaptive behaviour
A. Mood disorder
B. Anxiety disorder
C. Personality disorder
D. Psychotic disorder
D. Psychotic disorder
Students from a small village in Papua New Guinea performed lower on a Standardised intelligence test that was made in Westernised societies. What type of bias is this an example of?
Cultural bias
This skews validity of tests
Which type of intelligence is associated with understanding and managing emotions?
Emotional intelligence
How many sides does a hexagon have?
6
What does DSM stand for?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Which approach to normality considers whether behaviour is common or statistically typical?
Statistical approach
Students take the test multiple times and receive similar results. The consistency of the test's results refers to a tests _____________________
Reliability
A psychologist claims an IQ test measures intelligence, but the test mainly requires advanced knowledge of vocabulary that is strongly influenced by education. What issue with validity could this raise?
The test may not fully measure intelligence because performance could be influenced by educational and cultural factors
A group of seven students received the following scores on an intelligence test:
82, 91, 76, 88, 95, 84, 93
Calculate the mean score.
87
What is the main purpose of diagnostic manuals such as the DSM-5-TR and ICD-11?
To provide standardised criteria for classifying, categorising and diagnosing disorders
The extent to which a diagnosis accurately identifies the disorder it is intended to represent refers to ____________
Validity
What was the major significance of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart?
It provided evidence that genetic factors contribute substantially to individual differences in intelligence
A test produces very similar results each time but does not actually measure intelligence. Is it reliable, valid, both or neither?
Reliable but not necessarily valid
Which sport uses the terms birdie, eagle and albatross?
Golf
Which diagnostic classification system is produced by the World Health Organization?
ICD-11 (international classification for diseases)
The DSM-5 was published by the American Psychiatric Association
Which approach to normality relates to - Ideas about what is considered normal or abnormal changing over time
Historical approach
Considers how well an individual succeeds in life. Contains 3 sub-theories. Describes how an individual manages their internal and external worlds.
This theory of intelligence is called....
Sternberg's triarchic theory of Intelligence
How does Gardner's theory differ from the traditional psychometric approach?
Gardner proposes that people have 'multiple intelligences" (e.g. music, body, people smart) rather than viewing intelligence primarily as a general ability measured through standardised IQ tests
Which animal has three hearts?
Octopus
1 similarity and 1 difference between the DSM-5 and ICD-11?
Range of answers
Similarities - Both provide standardised classification systems, both include diagnostic criteria that help health professionals
Differences -The DSM-5 is published by the American Psychiatric Association, ICD-11 published by the World Health Organization. DSM-5 focuses specifically on mental disorders, whereas the ICD-11 includes a broader range of both mental and physical disorders
A clinician diagnoses a client with a disorder, but another clinician using the same diagnostic criteria reaches a different diagnosis. What issue does this demonstrate?
Poor inter-rater reliability
Important to note - some mental health conditions present with a variety of overlapping symptoms reducing reliability of diagnosis