How dem kids grow
By this age, children should be able to raise their head when in the prone position and smile socially
What is 2 months
How long should a patient have symptoms of panic and anxiety after experiencing trauma for it to be considered acute stress disorder and not PTSD?
What is 3d-1month
Autism spectrum disorder is associated with what physical feature?
increased head or brain size
What is the name of the medication used in the management of generalized anxiety disorder only and will not exacerbate erectile dysfunction?
What is buspirone
What is the MOA of naloxone?
short-acting opioid antagonist
What is 2 years old
Annie goes to the psychiatrist after being abandoned by her favorite cat, Mr. Meow-Meow. She mentions that since he left, she has been having severe anxiety; every time she sees a cat on the side of the road she bursts into tears. She has been seeing her therapist about this trauma for 10 days, and on day 11 she says she's no longer feeling anxious about missing her cat and is ready to get another one. What panic trauma disorder did Annie experience?
what is the acute stress disorder (3 days-1Mo)
incorrect: PTSD - symptoms lasting >6mo
incorrect: adjustment disorder- symptoms starting within 3 months of the stressor and lasting < 6mo
A mother is concerned about her 3 year old daughter. The mother states that her last pediatrician noted normal development, and that she was reaching all her normal milestones. About 2 months ago, the mother stated she noticed her daughter using her whole hand in a rake-like motion to grab her cheerios instead of her index finger and thumb, and has started having difficulty using her zipper, which was never a problem before. What is the name of this disorder?
what is Rett syndrome
This TCA is one of the second line treatment options for OCD.
What is Clomipramine
What biomarker is a sensitive indicator of alcohol use?
gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)
A mother is concerned that her child is not reaching their milestones. The baby is 10 months old and is in the 30th percentile for weight and the 25th percentile for length. Which of the following would you expect the child to be able to do by this age?
A. use index finger and thumb to pick up a cheerio
B. look for objects that are hidden
C. take a few independent steps
D. look for a toy that is taken from view
E. pull self to standing position
D. look for a toy that is taken from view
This is called object permanence and should be developed by 9 months of age.
A by 12mo
B by 12mo
C by 15mo
E by 12mo
What is a unique qualification for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in kids compared to adults?
What is only one symptom for 6+ months is required for diagnosis in children, 3 symptoms for 6+ months are needed for adults
A mother brings her son to the pediatrician after noticing some "concerning" behavior that has lasted for over a year. She states she's a single mother and struggles with discipline, but none of her other kids acted this badly. She states that he is defiant and often hits her when he gets upset. She's noticed his increased violence towards his younger sister, and sometimes their family hamster, Gerald, also gets injured by him. What personality disorder should this mother be concerned about her son developing?
antisocial personality disorder
A mother is concerned about her son being on methylphenidate for his ADHD. Name a separate class of drug that an be used to treat ADHD that is not a stimulant.
alpha 2 agonists: clonidine and guanfacine
Why is disulfiram a good treatment option for alcohol abuse disorder?
disulfiram prevents the conversion of aldehyde to acetic acid by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase; this makes people who drink violently sick
At approximately what age do most infants begin to demonstrate the ability to roll over from their stomach to their back and vice versa, marking a significant motor development milestone?
What is between 4-6months
What characteristic about OCD differentiates it from OCPD?
OCD is ego-dystonic while OCPD is ego-syntonic
Parents are concerned about the lack of communication they are getting from their 4 year old son. He knows how to speak and hearing exams come back insignificant. When examining the patient, you notice him avoiding eye contact with you as well as the parents. You also notice a prominent forehead and jaw, large ears, and a long narrow face. He also appears to be attached to his Thomas the Train toy and bangs his head on the table when it is taken away. What genetic condition should the physician test this child for?
fragile X syndrome
A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department with palpitations, sweating, and shortness of breath that began 10 minutes ago. He says, “Please help me, I don't want to die.” He has experienced several similar episodes over the past 2 months, which occurred without warning in situations including open spaces or crowds and resolved gradually after 10 to 20 minutes. He has been staying at home as much as possible out of fear of triggering another episode. He has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. He appears anxious and has a flushed face. His pulse is 104/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 135/82 mm Hg. An ECG shows sinus tachycardia. What drug class would be the most appropriate initial treatment for this patient?
What is benzodiazepines are used for the treatment of acute panic disorders. Long term treatment include SSRIs, SNRIs, and CBT
What class of drugs do you avoid giving to people with cocaine chest pain?
beta blockers
Which of the following is wrong, and which developmental milestone makes it wrong?
A. sits unassisted, rolls over and can crawl, understands object permanence, and has stranger anxiety --> 0-12mo
B. can drive a tricycle, is comfortable spending time away fro parent, plays with friends, and can tell stories --> 3-5y
C. primitive reflexes disappear, develops the pincer grasp, socially smiles, can move away from and return to parent, and can say "mamma" and "dada"
D. all are correct gurrrrrl
C: moving away from and returning to parents aka rapprochement is developed during the toddler months and is developed by 24mo or 2y.
Annie comes to the doctor becuase of a 1 year history of intermittent episodes of SOB, chest pain, palpitations, dizziness, and feeling of impending doom. She states she usually starts feeling this way when she gets a few blocks from her apartment. Since they started, Annie has changed her way of life like working from home and getting food delivered to avoid attacks. She states she can only leave the house when her boyfriend is with her. Why does Annie's doctor diagnose her with agoraphobia and not panic disorder?
the presence of a trigger (leaving her home) makes this agoraphobia instead of panic disorder.
remember that panic disorder is caused by recurrent, random panic attacks, therefore she wouldn't necessarily be having a panic attack every time she left her house if this was panic disorder
A couple brings their 6yo son in due to concerning behavior. They state he's angry all the time and often "throws himself on the ground" at any minor inconvenience. They also mention that he has the same outbursts at school and are concerned about his education. On exam, the child appears normal but is irritated. When his mom takes his toy car away from him to get him to talk to you, he throws a temper tantrum and is thrashing around on the ground. What disorder does he have?
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
this disorder is characterized by angry, irritable moods with temper tantrums/outbursts at least 3x a week in at least 2 settings
Which 3 medications should not be taken with with lithium because they can precipitate lithium-toxicity?
thiazide diuretics, NSAIDS (except aspirin), and ACE inhibitors
A patient is rushed to the ER via EMS with a complaint of altered mental status and ataxia. The patient's temp is 34C (93 F), BP of 130/88, and a HR of 167bpm. On exam, you smell they thick scent of alcohol. EMS state they found him "stumbling along the hwy" and when that stopped to help him, he couldn't say where he lived and was slurring his speech, and he wasn't sure about what day it is. When you ask him where he works, he mentions Chase bank, but when you call they've never heard of him before. You diagnose him with Wernicke-Korsikoff syndrome. What should your initial treatment be?
vitamin B1 (thiamine