Psychological Foundations
Fields in psychology
Psychological Research
Biopsychology
100

________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

Humanism

100

Which psychological domain would include a study of memory and intelligence?

cognitive psychology

100

A(n) ________ is a general, tentative explanation that proposes explanations for observed behavior that can be used to predict future outcomes, whereas a(n) ________ is a specific prediction about the relationship between two or more variables that is to be tested.

theory; hypothesis

100

You can describe something seen in your left visual field with ease because the ________ relays the information to your right hemisphere.

corpus callosum

200

Mark is suffering from anxiety. According to the ________ model, her illness is probably determined by psychological, biological, and social factors.

biopsychosocial

200

________ psychology is, in part, the study of the impact of natural selection and genetics upon behavior.

Evolutionary

200

High rates of attrition are particularly problematic for ________ research.

longitudinal research

200

The key components of the peripheral nervous system are ________.

somatic and autonomic nervous systems

300

________ is the name for Wundt’s approach of asking patients to look inward and describe their feelings in order to understand consciousness.

Structuralism

300

________ is the study of cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan.

Developmental psychology

300

In order for an experiment to be considered verifiable, ________.

it must be replicable by another researcher

300

When your parasympathetic nervous system works to maintain vital bodily functions so that your body is in its natural balance, it is called ________.

homeostasis

400

The psychodynamic school of psychology emphasizes ________.

the unconscious and early childhood experiences

400

Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ________.

personality

400

Suzanne is interested in understanding the relationship between hours spent watching t.v. and student grades in elementary school. What type of study might she perform?

correlational

400

Justin is listening to the radio when he hears the sound of sirens, which he mistakes for the police turning on their sirens behind him. He immediately presses on the brakes, has an accelerated heartbeat and higher blood pressure, as well as sweaty palms. His reaction is known as

the fight-or-flight response.

500

Functionalism focused on

how mental activities help a person adapt to its environment

500

A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. A psychologist studying this phenomenon is applying the principles of

Gestalt psychology.

500

An intelligence test yields the same results when administered on three separate occasions. However, the test’s results are more strongly correlated with hours spent doing homework than they are with other standardized intelligence tests. This test has________ reliability and ________ validity.

high; low

500

A noninvasive technique that uses magnetic fields to map brain activity by measuring changes in the brain’s blood flow and oxygen levels is called ________.

functional MRI (fMRI)