Diagnosis
Hypomanic episode lasts for at least this many days
What is 4 days?
Outpatient management for a 25 year old female patient with a history of major depression, and generalized anxiety, who presents for intermittent abdominal pain concerned that she has cancer. Patient history includes pain over the past year, with persistent fear of a fatal disease, admitted to the hospital repeatedly with negative medical work up.
What is consistently scheduled visits with primary care doctor who oversees the patient’s care?
-Illness Anxiety disorder/Hypochondriasis
Primary behavioral therapy treatment for a 20 year old patient who constantly wonders if she will ever graduate college and find a good full time job, and feels that everything she does never works out. She is constantly preoccupied about whether peers will like her, mistakes she has made in the past, what her future will be like. Her worries negatively impact her school grades, health, and quality of sleeping.
What is cognitive behavioral therapy?
Medication that can be used to treat major depression, ADHD, seasonal affective disorder, nicotine dependence
What is bupropion?
SSRI with the longest half life
Term for sudden loss of muscle tone with heightened emotion
What is cataplexy?
-Narcolepsy
4 Cluster B personality disorders
What is
- antisocial personality disorder
- borderline personality disorder
- histrionic personality disorder
- narcissistic personality disorder?
Next step in evaluation for a 18 y.o. patient presents to his primary doctor with reports of increased dysphoria, apathy, poor sleep, weight gain, hair loss, weakness. Patient denies any suicidal ideation.
What is medical work up with labs?
- CBC, CMP, TSH
Type of conditioning - dog taps at the door and receives more time outdoors, eventually learning to tap at the door to receive more time outdoors
What is operant conditioning?
Associates a voluntary behavior and consequence, with positive/negative re-enforcement
Primary teratogenic effect of valproic acid during pregnancy
What is neural tube defects?
4 primary extrapyramidal side effects
What is
- acute dystonia
-akithisia
-parkinsonianism
-tardive dyskinesia
Pharmacological treatment indicated for a patient with recurrent impairments in regulating intake of food with stable weight and no compensatory measures
What is lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)?
-Binge eating disorder
5 differential diagnoses for psychosis
What is
-psychosis due to a general medical condition, substance induced psychotic disorder, substance abuse with withdrawal, medication side effects/drug toxicity, delirium, dementia, major depression with psychotic features, schizophreniform, schizophrenia, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, post traumatic stress disorder?
20 y.o. with a past psychiatric history of schizophrenia presents with confusion, fevers, hypertension, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and rigid extremities. Primary management step to reduce mortality risk
What is stop the offending medication (typically antipsychotic)?
Term for patient with OCD who is confronted with an anxiety provoking stimulus and is unable to withdraw until anxiety reduces and is less distressing
What is flooding?
Hypertensive crisis results when MAOIs are taken with foods rich in this amino acid
What is tyramine?
Specific lab monitoring for patients on clozapine given agranulocytosis risk
What is absolute neutrophil count (CBC)?
Primary specific neurotransmitter that is decreased in Alzheimer's disease
What is acetylcholine?
Gene mutation for female predominant disorder characterized by normal prenatal and perinatal development, with regression of previously learned hand movements, deceleration of head growth and early loss of social skills beginning around age 5 months
What is MECP2 gene?
Rett's disorder
Pharmacological treatment management for a patient admitted four weeks of slowed movement, decreased responsiveness, abnormal posturing, poor oral intake, facial grimacing, maintenance of positions for prolonged periods
What is benzodiazepine (lorazepam, clonazepam)?
- Catatonia
4 mature defenses
What is
-Altruism
-Humor
-Sublimation
-Suppression?
-Distraction
What is IV sodium bicarbonate?
3 factors that increase risk of lithium toxicity
What is
-excessive lithium ingestion, NSAIDS, dehydration, increased salt intake, diuretics, impaired renal function
4 major dopamine pathways
What is nigrostriatal, mesolimbic, mesocortical, and tuberoinfundibular pathways?
Disorder in which a patient has a 2 year history of multiple episodes of mood elevation and mood depression which never meet criteria for hypomanic episodes or major depressive episodes.
What is Cyclothymia?
Primary treatment after managing airway, breathing, circulation for a 20 year-old male found down with shallowed respirations, difficulty arousing, miosis, and nearby emesis
What is naloxone?
-opioid intoxication
4 key topics for dialectical behavioral therapy
What is
-Mindfulness
-Interpersonal effectiveness
-Emotion regulation
-Distress tolerance?
Mechanism of action of the first line medication prescribed to 38-year-old male with alcohol use disorder with poor motivation for cessation
What is antagonist preferentially of the μ-opioid receptor?
- Naltrexone
3 benzodiazepines that undergo glucuronidation though not cytochrome p450 metabolism, and do not have active metabolites
What is
-lorazepam
-oxazepam
-temazepam?
Atypical antipsychotics black-box warning
What is increased risk of death and cerebrovascular events in dementia?