Chapter 1
Identification of students who seem to be eligible for special education services but who are actually not disabled.
What is overidentification?
Any teacher who scores a test, either published or teacher-made, will subtract the number of items a student missed from the number of items presented to the student.
What is a raw score?
methods to determine
how scores cluster—that is, how they are distributed around
a numerical representation of the average score.
What is measures of central tendency?
The middle most score in a set of data
What is the median?
the level at which the student could
answer all easier items
What is the basal?
A condition that exists when students of a specific ethnic group are at risk for over identification or are at risk for under representation in special education
What is disproportionality?
A scale that focuses on numbers for identification purposes only- Student Id
What is a nominal scale?
the degree or amount of difference exhibited by individuals in behaviors, skills, or traits, they must employ methods of calculating difference from the average or expected score.
What is variance?
The average of a data set
What is the mean?
the point where the student has made a predetermined number of errors and therefore stops administering all other items on this test because it is assumed that the
student will continue to get the answers wrong.
What is the ceiling?
The percentage of students of a culturally different group is greater than the
percentage of individuals of that group in the LEA
What is overrepresentation?
A scale that ranks numbers- Think about the winners of a spelling bee
What is an ordinal scale?
This type of assessment allows teachers to compare the performance of one student with the average performance of other students in the country who are of the same age or grade level.
What is a norm referenced test?
The most frequently occurring number in a data set
What is mode?
the form used during the test
administration and for scoring
What is a protocol?
A model of assessment that immediately refer to special education.
What is the historical model?
Numbers that are used for identification that rank greater or lesser quality or amount and that are equidistant
What is an interval scale?
to obtain an average expected score for each month of the school year, the test developer usually calculates the scores using data obtained in the original administration... this is called
What is interpolation?
How far the student’s score falls away (varies) from the mean.
What is the standard deviation?
a score that has been transformed
to fit a normal curve, with a mean and standard
deviation that remain the same across ages
What is a standard score?
An assessment model that formulates a hypothesis and measures the effectiveness of strategies.
What is the contemporary model of assessment?
When numbers on a scale are equidistant from each other and have a true meaning of absolute zero, they can be used in all mathematical operations.
What is a ratio scale?
This is calculated by writing the test date first and then subtracting the date of birth.
What is chronological age?
The dependability or consistency of an instrument across items or
time
What is test reliability?
a score indicating the percentage of people or scores that occur at or below a given score
What is percentile?