a learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a neutral stimulus.
What is classical conditioning?
100
the storage and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced.
What is memory?
100
they can result in bad decisions because we may ignore pertinent information.
What is heuristics?
100
Subliminal advertising shown within the frames of a movie, targets ____ memory.
What is sensory?
100
Computer-assisted instruction breaks instruction down into "frames;" each time a student shows that he or she has learned the information in a frame, the student is given positive reinforcement in the form of new information. This is an example of ______________.
What is operant conditioning?
200
stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the likelihood that the response will be repeated.
What is reinforcement?
200
knowledge of language, including its rules, words, and meanings.
What is semantic memory?
200
a label for a class of objects or events that have at least one attribute in common.
What is concept?
200
Remembering the name of your fifth-grade teacher is an example of ____ memory.
What is episodic?
200
Behavior modification works best, psychologists believe, when people set up their own set of rewards and punishments to shape their thoughts and actions. This agreement with oneself is called _________________.
What is a behavioral contract?
300
learned reactions that follow one another in sequences, each reaction producing the signal for the next.
What is response chain?
300
memory retrieval in which a person identities an object, idea, or situation as one he or she has or has not experienced before.
What is recognition?
300
the study of how we combine words, phrases, and sentences to express meaningful thoughts.
What is syntax?
300
Rhymes, mental pictures, and associations that are used to help remember something are called ____.
What is mnemonic devices?
300
A dolphin that has been taught to search for undersea mines demonstrates what kind of learning?
What is shaping?
400
process of altering behavior by observing and imitating the behavior of others.
What is social learning?
400
conceptual frameworks a person uses to make sense of the world.
What is a schema?
400
Using a road map to find directions involves ____ thinking.
What is convergent?
400
Ivan Pavlov used the term unconditioned to refer to __________.
What is stimuli and the automatic, involuntary responses they caused?
400
Who discovered the principle of classical conditioning?
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
500
systematic application of learning principles to change people's actions and feelings.
What is behavior modification?
500
the linking of new information to material that is already known.
What is elaborative rehearsal?
500
Words are the most common ____ in thinking.
What is symbol?
500
If a child has a tantrum because he doesn't want to go to sleep, and the parents allow the child to stay awake, __________ has occurred.
What is escape conditioning?
500
the most famous classical conditioning experiment ever.