Depression & Bipolar
Which of the following disorders involves very long-lasting, but mild symptoms of depression?
A. Major Depressive Disorder
B. Persistent Depressive Disorder
C. Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
B. Persistent Depressive Disorder
This disorder involves having a depressed mood the majority of the time, and must last at least 2 years. Symptoms of this disorder include: low energy, feeling of hopelessness, sleep disturbances, poor apetite, etc.
This disorder is characterized by impairments in one's ability to communicate and interact socially, and also a pattern of rigid, repetitive movements/behaviors.
A. Social Disability Disorder
B. Social Anxiety Disorder
C. Autism Spectrum Disorder
D. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
C. Autism Spectrum Disorder.
A child with ASD may not respond to social interactions, have trouble developing and maintaining relationships, display repetitive motor movements (flapping hands, etc), and display ritualized patterns of behavior. The Autism Spectrum has many different variations including: Autistic Disorder, Asperger’s, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Rett’s Disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder. All of these disorders are different in severity and vary on exactly how it affects one's social skills. These were all a one point their own disorder, until it was decided to combine them all into a "spectrum."
Which of the following disorders consists of fear of becoming fat, distortion of one's body image, an severe restrictions in one's diet with the goal of losing weight?
A. Anorexia Nervosa
B. Bulimia Nervosa
C. Dieting Disorder
D. Binge-Eating Disorder
A. Anorexia Nervosa.
Anorexia is the most well-known eating disorder. People who have this disorder have an extreme distortion on their own body image, often feeling like they are too fat, and abstain from eating a healthy amount of food to compensate for those feelings. This is a VERY dangerous disorder and causes many body-related problems such as: lowered body temperature, low blood-pressure, restlessness, and in severe cases, even death.A. Illness Anxiety Disorder
B. Conversion Disorder
C. Illness Paranoia Disorder
D. Somatic Symptom Disorder
People with illness anxiety disorder have ongoing, debilitating anxiety concerning their physical health. They frequently misinterpret normal bodily events as signs of serious medical issues. This disorder often can be brought about by some past traumatic event
A. Agoraphobia
B. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
C.
D.Specific Phobia
This disorder is often described as "free floating anxiety." Someone with this disorder tends to move from one anxiety to another. They always have something that they are anxious about. They at times have some difficulty in their social and occupational functioning due to their constant anxiousness. People with this disorder can also develop sleep problems, irritability and poor concentration. This disorder has high rates of co-morbidity with depression.
Which of the following disorders includes periods of mania along with periods of depression?
A. Persistent Depressive Disorder
B. Bipolar I Disorder
C. Borderline Personality Disorder
B. Bipolar disorder
Bipolar I is a disorder that consists of episodes of mania and depression. Depression includes feelings of sadness and hopelessness, lack of motivation and energy, etc. A manic episode consists of an ongoing, elevated mood that involves an increase in impulsive/risky behavior, racing thoughts, having grandiose ideas (i.e. impulsively deciding to pursue a medical degree), and an inflated self-esteem. The episodes often cause impairment in social and word-related environments and can be severe enough to cause hospitalization. The episodes must last at least one week
This disorder is described as a difficulty maintaining concentration on many/most tasks and a pattern of hyperactivity such as fidgeting or hand-tapping.
A. Autism Spectrum Disorder
B. Attention Hyperactive Disorder
C. Hyperactivity Disorder
D. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
D. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
ADHD has two types of symptoms: Symptoms of hyperactivity and inattentive smyptoms.
Inattentive symtoms include: difficulty sustaining attention in various activities, being unable to listen when spoken to directly, having difficulty organizing tasks, and being easily distracted.
Symptoms for the hyperactive subset include: constant fidgeting, running around or climbing in situations where it is inappropriate to do so, difficulty engaging in activities quietly, often talking excessively, often having difficulty waiting turn, and often interrupts others.
Additionally, someone could be diagnosed with a combination of the two subsets.
Which of the following disorders consists of recurrent episodes of eating massive amounts of foods in a short period of time?
A. Indulgence Disorder
B. Anorexia Nervosa
C. Bulimia Nervosa
D. Binge-Eating Disorder
D. Binge-Eating Disorder
A person with binge-eating disorder often feels they have no control over how much they eat during their binges, and often feels guilt after they finish their binge. This disorder often leads to obesity and is comorbid (often coupled) with depression. This is a very unhealthy disorder to have due to all the unhealthy foods one puts in their bodies during their binges.A. Somatic Symptom Disorder
B. Physiological Disorder
C. Conversion Disorder
D. Factitious Disorder
Put more simply, someone with conversion disorder could experience symptoms like vision impairment, paralysis of certain parts of the body, and even seizures. However these symptoms were bot brought about by any physical cause; they are said to be brought about by some sort of psychological abnormality. It is often believed to be caused by emotional distress that was 'converted' into physical symptoms.
A. Anxiety Disorder
B. Panic Disorder
C. Panic-Attack Disorder
B. Panic Disorder
A panic attack consists of sudden, overwhelming feelings of panic, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, hot and cold flashes, faintness, dizziness, etc. Someone who has a panic disorder experiences these attacks frequently and unexpectedly. In addition, they also experience changes in their behavior/thinking due to the attacks. For example, they may avoid doing certain activities hoping to avoid another panic attack. These panic attacks are chronic and can be very debilitating.
Which of the following disorders is described by a severe depressed mood, lasting for at least a 2 week period?
Major Depressive Disorder
This is the disorder most people recognize as "clinical depression." Much like persistent depressive disorder, this disorder consists of feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness, changes in appetite, changes in sleep patterns, low energy, and often have an impact on one's social and occupational functioning. However, the symptoms for MDD are far more severe and are more periodic, lasting for around 2 weeks at a time.
This disorder is described as a complete disregard for society's rules coupled with destructive and dangerous behavior
A. Defiancy Disorder
B. Conduct Disorder
C. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
B. Conduct Disorder
This is a disorder where a child partakes in abnormally violent behavior. They often have little to no regard for others' feelings and tend to do whatever they want to do. Their behaviors are usually violent and destructive and may include: destruction of property, aggression towards others, and even violence against other people or animals. If not treated at an early age, the symptoms of Conduct Disorder often escalate and can eventually lead to a later diagnosis Antisocial Personality Disorder later in their life. This is a disorder that is often developed by criminals like serial killers.
Select all of the following actions that are considered "purging."
A. Excessive exercise
B. Use of Diuretics
C. Self-induced vomiting
D. Use of laxatives
ALL OF THE ABOVE!
A common misconception is that purging only includes vomiting. Although it is the most common type, purging includes any compensatory behavior in order to remove the food from your system. All of these methods fail to rid all of the food out of your system and are all DANGEROUSA. Factitious Disorder
B. Somatic Symptom Disorder
C. Conversion Disorder
D. Fictional Disorder
People with factitious disorder will do things such as inject themselves with drugs to cause bleeding, use laxatives to cause chronic diarrhea, etc. Anything to make themselves or someone else appear ill. Their goal is often to receive attention and social support from others. People with this disorder are often very knowledgeable about medicine.
Note: If they are doing this for some sort of reward such as financial gain, it is NOT considered to be factitious disorder. This term is described as malingering, and is not a disorder.
A. General and Specific
B. Narrow and Broad
C. Mild and Severe
Narrow Social Anxiety is described as anxiety in specific social situations. For example, someone may have a fear of eating in public or a fear of large crowds
Broad Social Anxiety is described as a general fear of social situations, such as a fear of functioning poorly in front of others.
This disorder can be very inhibiting on one's life. Since it affects any social situations, it can affect your social, educational, and occupational functioning.
True or false:
The only effective treatment for depressive disorders is through medication.
FALSE!
While medication may help symptoms of depression, there are many other forms of treatment available. Therapy is another common form of treatment. Therapy can help one recognize their symptoms of depression and learn to cope with them.
This disorder is described by a pattern of persistent negative and defiant behavior towards others, such as throwing books around in a classroom or talking back to a teacher.
A. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
B. Conduct Disorder
C. Defiancy Disorder
D. Delinquent Disorder
Children with this disorder display patterns of acting out to either their piers or adults. These are often the children you see in classes that are constantly arguing with the teachers and causing trouble with other children; they are the "trouble makers."
Which of the following disorders include the use of "purging?"
A. Anorexia Nervosa
B. Bulimia Nervosa
C. Binge-Eating Disorder
B. Bulimia Nervosa
A person with bulimia has a distorted sense of self-image. They often believe they are too fat and wish to be thinner. It is a disorder in which a person partakes in a binging of food. In addition, however, after consuming all the food, they compensate for their eating by purging the food out of their system, hoping to keep them from gaining weight. Since not all of the food is purged from their system, people with bulimia often maintain a normal weight. This is a dangerous disorder; binging food can have detrimental effects to one's body.This disorder is described as becoming excessively distressed over bodily symptoms that they are experiencing
A. Conversion Disorder
B. Somatic Symptom Disorder
C. Factitious Disorder
There are two main patterns of this disorder:
Somatization Pattern - experiencing many long lasting bodily symptoms that have no physical cause. Can include a wide range of symptoms such as paralysis, double vision, nausea, diarrhea, etc.
Predominant Pain Patter - primarily experiencing pain in different parts of the body. Can include leg pains, arm pains, stomach pains, chest pains, etc.
A person with this disorder is often very anxious and depressed. They also usually go from doctor to doctor in hopes of relief from their symptoms, and usually never find it due to a lack of a physical cause to their symptoms. Can be difficult to identify since they can look similar to other medical conditions.
OCD is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Indicated by its name, this disorder consists of two main symptoms:
Obsessions- persistent thoughts, ideas, impulses, or images that consume one's thoughts. The most common example being thoughts of avoiding any and all germs. These thoughts often cause great anxiety for the person.
Compulsions - repetitive behaviors one feels that must perform in order to serve the obsessions. Often done in an attempt to reduce the anxiety caused by the obsessions. An example being repeatedly washing one's hands or taking 10 showers in a day. These compulsions often consume one's entire life living with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Depression can be attributed to a low activity of the neurotransmitter(s)
A. Norepinephrine and Serotonin
B. Dopamine and Serotonin
C. Serotonin
A. Norepinephrine and Serotonin
A. Norepinephrine and Serotonin
Serotonin is the neurotransmitter that affect one's mood. Norepinephrine is used as a response to stress. A low activity in both of these are thought to often be the cause of depressive moods.
What range of IQs must someone have to be considered to have a MILD Intellectual Disability?
A. 50-70
B. 80-90
C. 35-49
D. 60-80
A. 50-70
Someone with an intellectual disability is described to have below average intellectual functioning and impairment in conceptual, social, and practical functioning. There are different levels of severity for ID:
Mild- Must have a 59-70 IQ. 85% of people diagnosed with an Intellectual Disorder are in this range, and the symptoms are usually not very noticeable. Someone with this severity could live independently without many issues.
Moderate - 35-49 range. 10% of people with an Intellectual Disorder are in this range. They have trouble with speech/language. Function well in society with slight supervision from others.
Severe - 20-34 range. 4% of people with an Intellectual Disorder are in this range. Someone with a severe Intellectual Disorder would display considerable delays in most areas of functioning and could not be left unsupervised.
Profound - IQ under 20. Under 1% of all people with an Intellectual Disorder are in this range. Someone with a profound Intellectual Disorder have great difficulty walking, talking, or any other aspect of functioning. They need constant supervision, and has a much shorter lifespan.
Which of the following eating disorders causes thin, dry hair and brittle nails?
A. Bulimia
B. Binge-Eating
C. Anorexia
C. Anorexia
The lack of food-intake often caused by anorexia also causes a decrease of the production of keratin in our bodies, which is largely found in our hair and nails. An example of the affect eating disorders can have on your body.A. Relaxation Training
B. Hypnosis
C. Cognitive Interventions
ALL OF THE ABOVE!
There are many forms of treatment for these disorders:
Relaxation Training - Process of learning to relax one's muscles at will, reducing one's anxiety. This can help reduce or prevent the symptoms of these somatic disorders.
Hypnosis - Puts one into a suggestible state, where one could learn to control their pain, which can reduce the symptoms of their disorder.
Cognitive Interventions - One can be taught different thought processes or cognitive responses to help someone cope with their pains, which can reduce the sympyoms
And more!A. Trichotillomania
B. Excoriation Disorder
C. Hoarding Disorder
A. Trichotillomania.
Excoriation Disorder consists of acts of picking at one's own skin to the point of leaving serious wounds.
Hoarding Disorder is the need to hold on to useless items (hoarders).
Note: All three of these sub-disorders are examples of dangerous behaviors someone with OCD could enact.