Depression
a type of mood disorder causing periods of feeling sad and lacking motivation to do everyday activities.
Definition of unipolar depression
A mental health problem that means people need a particular thing – a substance or an activity – in order to be able to go about their normal routine
Addiction
Which has a higher chance of developing the same addiction?
Identical (monozygotic) twins or dizygotic twins
Identical twins
an explanation that focuses on how thought processes influence behaviour.
Cognitive theory
First key stage in CBT when treating addicts:
Functional analysis
Identifying triggers
• lowering of mood – feeling very sad or upset
• lack of energy even after resting for a long time
• lack of motivation to do things
Symptoms of unipolar depression
a set of unpleasant physical or psychological symptoms someone gets when they are trying to quit or cannot satisfy their addiction.
Name of study:
Adopted children who had at least one biological parent with alcohol addiction - highly likely to show signs of alcohol addiction (share the gene)
Donald Goodwin et al. (1973)
Aaron Beck - Person has all three types of negative views - likely they will show symptoms of depression
Beck's cognitive triad
What other therapies can CBT be combined with to reduce withdrawal symptoms?
Drug use
Approximately 1 in 15 people will suffer from an episode of serious depression every year
Features of unipolar depression
- Ignore family and regular hobbies
- Spend money on addiction
- Quality of life and health affected
Effect of addiction on individuals
Gene related to developing addiction
DDR2 gene
Beck's cognitive triad: Negative view of ____
Self
World
Future
Behaviour learned by associations.
Classical conditioning
Which level of episode includes having 4 symptoms of unipolar depression displayed (mild, moderate, severe?)
Mild
Another name for addiction
Dependence disorder
Is the gene explanation for addiction reductionist or hollistic?
Reductionist
Ellis's ABC model:
What does A stand for?
behaviour is learned through observation and imitation of role models.
Social learning theory
What % of patients with severe depression commit suicide?
10-15%
Symptoms of withdrawal
Sweating
Insomnia
Shaking
Lack of appetite
Headaches
Irritability
Gene or environmetal influence:
Adoptive family has alcohol misuse - adoptee has greater risk of developing addiction
Environment
Ellis’s theory of depression:
Good mental health = rational thinking
Bad mental health = _____
Irrational thinking
learning from the consequences of actions.
Operant conditioning