Chapter 1 History
Who established the first Psychology Lab in 1879?
Wilhelm Wundt
What is a systematic method used to measure and observe psychological phenomena?
The scientific method.
The spinal cord is part of the _________ nervous system.
central
What defines one’s subjective experiences of the external world and one’s mental activity?
Consciousness
What type of psychologist would study the way in which children and adults think different about problems?
Developmental Psychologist
What is the sense organ's detection of external physical stimuli and the transmission of information about these stimuli to the brain called?
Sensation
What is the method of systematically evaluating information to reach conclusions based on the evidence presented?
Critical Thinking
What is worded as a prediction and is testable?
A hypothesis.
What part of the neuron is the protective covering of the axon?
Myelin Sheath
What do sleep, meditation and hypnosis have in common?
They are all altered states of consciousness.
What is an environmental substance that can harm prenatal development?
Teratogens
What sense do humans primarily focus on in detecting information?
Vision
What two things does Psychology investigate?
Mental Activity and Behavior
In correlational research what is an unmeasured factor that could be responsible for the relationship?
A third variable.
What neurotransmitter functions to reduce pain?
Endorphins
As you go through sleep stages throughout the night what changes about the REM state?
It increases in length of time.
What psychologist took Freud's theory of developmental and changed it to Psychosocial stages across the lifespan?
Erik Erikson
What sensation does not pass through the thalamus on the way to cerebral cortical areas of the brain?
Olfaction
Sigmund Freud
A precise way that a researcher measures and defines a variable is called a/an ______________.
Operational Definition
What area of the hindbrain is responsible for regulating sleep?
Pons
What dream theory states that dreams are the result of random brain activity being combined with stored memories?
Activation synthesis theory
In what type of attachment style would a child asked to be picked up by their mother when she returns to the child's environment and then become angry and push the mom away when she picks the child up?
Ambivalent attachment
What psychology theory helps to explain why we perceive information in a whole form rather than in parts?
Gestalt Psychology
Who launched the modern cognitive revolution in Psychology?
George Miller
Anything that affects a dependent variable and may unintentionally vary between the different experimental conditions is called a __________.
Confound
What neurotransmitter an inhibitor and is seen to be associated with Anxiety?
GABA
Name two results of chronic sleep deprivation.
Increased anxiety, micro sleeps during the day, decreased concentration, reduced short term memory capacity, or decreased reaction time.
During this stage of development children think symbolically about objects, but they reason based on intuition and superficial appearances rather than logic.
Preoperational stage
What sense aids balance by judging direction and intensity of head movements?
Vestibular