Show:
1
2
3
4
5
100
What is semantics?
meaning of words
100
What is divergent thinking?
divergent thinking- unconventional, loosely organized and directed; breaks out of mental sets more easily
100
What is intelligence?
intelligence- set of cognitive skills that includes abstract thinking, reasoning, problem solving, and the ability to acquire knowledge
100
What are the 4 traits of a good intelligence test?
1. aptitude, 2. achievement, 3. reliability- same results time after time, 4. validity- measures what it is supposed to measure
100
With vision, what are rods responsible for? What are cones responsible for?
rods- peripheral vision, no color, less visual acuity; cones- more precise information, color, respond only in bright light
200
What is a phoneme?
phoneme- smallest unit of sound
200
What are the stages of language development, in order?
cooing stage, babbling stage, one word stage, two word stage, adult-like sentences
200
What is the difference between crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence?
crystallized intelligence- ability to use skills, knowledge and experience; fluid intelligence- the ability to think abstractly, reason, identify patterns, solve problems, and discern relationships
200
What is Gardener's theory of intelligence?
8 factors of intelligence- not just based on d; 1. spatial (artistic), 2. naturalistic intelligence (understanding nature), 3. musical, 4. kinesthetic (athletic), 5. linguistic, 6. interpersonal (social skills), 7. intrapersonal (personal adjustment), 8. logical-mathematical
200
With processing images, what are simple cells? What are complex cells?
simple cells- responds to lines of specific widths and orientations; complex cells- respond to width and orientation, also care about movement and respond to any position in their receptive fields
300
What is the linguistic relativity hypothesis?
linguistic relativity hypothesis- a culture's language shapes member's thinking; the more important something is to a culture, the more words exist to describe it
300
What is the difference between a representative heuristic and availability heuristic?
representative heuristic- judging the likelihood of something based on a match to prototypes; availability heuristic- judgments based on ideas that come more easily to mind
300
What did Binet and Simon develop? (hint it helps in the determination of IQ)
Binet and Simon developed mental age; mental age is based on the norm when looking at a large sample of a general population
300
What is a prodigy? What is a savant?
prodigy- a person with exceptional talent in a particular field; savant- usually mentally handicapped person who has an extreme talent but doesn't really realize it or cannot really put it to use
300
What is the fovea?
fovea is the center of the retina
400
What is cognition?
cognition- mental activities involved in acquiring, retaining, and using knowledge
400
What are the two types of fixation? What does each do?
mental sets- habitual ways of thinking; functional fixedness- only think of familiar functions for objects
400
What equation was developed by Stern to numerify IQ?
(Mental age/ chronological age) x 100 = IQ
400
As pertaining to sensation and perception, what are psychophysics and transduction?
psychophysics- study of how people psychologically perceive physical stimuli; transduction- the conversion of physical into neural information
400
What is the trichromatic theory?
thrichromatic theory- 3 kinds of cones in eye responding mostly to light in either red, blue, or green range of wavelengths
500
What is an algorithm? What is a heuristic? What is intuition?
algorithm- systematic patterns guaranteed to work; heuristic- efficient but subject to error; intuition- fast, automatic, unreasoned feelings and thoughts
500
What is convergent thinking?
convergent thinking- logical, factual, conventional, focused thinking
500
What was wrong with the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test?
made for Americans/ Europeans; what if someone from Australia wanted to take it?
500
What do wavelength, amplitude, and purity contribute to in vision?
wavelength- hue (color); amplitude- intensity/ brightness; purity- saturation
500
What is absolute threshold and difference threshold?
absolute threshold- smallest to be detected; difference threshold- smallest difference between two stimuli