Show:
People
Sensation & Perception
Disorders
Development
Learning & Behavior
100
Who had ideas about the unconscious mind and brought new approaches to therapy, which laid a foundation for later studies in personality and therapy.
Sigmund Freud
100
What is the perceptual process called when we use knowledge we have gained from prior experiences to interpret incoming sensory information?
Top-Down Processing
100
What disorder is characterized by excessive anxiety and worry that is not correlated with particular objects or situations?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
100
True or False: Nature and Nurture cannot intertwine.
False
100
What are the three main types of learning?
Associative, Nonassocaitive, and Observational Learning
200
Who took a humanistic approach to therapy believing that people are naturally good and motivated to improve?
Abraham Maslow
200
What is the smallest amount of stimulus that can be detected?
Absolute Threshold
200
What disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image,and emotion?
Borderline Personality Disorder
200
What is a teratogen and give an example.
A chemical agent that can harm the zygote, embryo, or fetus. Example: Alcohol
200
What are the four parts of classical conditioning?
1. Conditioned Stimulus 2. Unconditioned Stimulus 3. Conditioned Response 4. Unconditioned Response
300
Who built the foundation for behaviorism and believed that experience is the primary source of behavior?
Ivan Pavlov
300
What is smallest difference between two stimuli that can be detected?
Difference Threshold
300
What is a disorder that is characterized by disruptions in a person's identity, memory, or consciousness?
Dissociative Disorder
300
Which type of attachment is... A pattern of infant-caregiver bonding in which children explore confidently and return to the parent or caregiver for reassurance
Secure Attachment
300
What are the four parts of operant conditioning?
1. Positive Reinforcement 2. Negative Reinforcement 3. Positive Punishment 4. Negative Punishment
400
Who built the foundation for structuralism and believed that behavior can be broken down into smaller components?
Wilhelm Wundt
400
What is the theory that suggests input from touch fibers competes with input from pain receptors, possibly preventing pain messages from reaching the brain?
Gate Theory
400
What disorder is characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought and speech, disorders of movement, and restricted affect?
Schizophrenia
400
What are the four different parenting styles?
1. Authoritative (High Support and High Behavior Regulation) 2. Authoritarian (Low Support and High Behavior Regulation) 3. Indulgent (Low Behavior Regulation and High Support) 4. Uninvolved (Low Behavior Regulation and Low Support)
400
List and explain the schedules of reinforcement *HINT: There's 4
1. Fixed Ratio: occurs after a set number of responses 2. Variable Ratio: occurs after a variable number of responses, which average a set number for a session 3. Fixed Interval: each response begins an interval during which no reinforcement is available. The first response after the interval will be reinforced. 4. Variable Interval: each response begins an interval of varying length, with an average length for the session set by experimenter
500
Who believed that when you broke behavior into components you lost meaning?
Max Wertheimer
500
Where are taste buds located on the tongue?
Taste buds are located in the bumps, or papillae, located in the tongue
500
What disorders emerge during childhood?
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)
500
Name and explain Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development. *HINT: There's 4 stages
1. Sensorimotor: (birth to age 2) "Here and Now" instead of past and future, exploration through moving and sensing, object permanence 2. Preoperational Stage: (2-6 years old) Language acquisition, egocentrism, illogical reasoning 3. Concrete Operational Stage: (6-12 years old) Logical reasoning, mastery of conservation problems, "learn by doing" 4. Formal Operational Stage: (12 years of age and above) Abstract reasoning, idealism, improved problem solving
500
What are the four feature promoting observational learning and imitation?
1. Attention 2. Memory 3. Reproduction 4. Motivation