Theories
This man created the Hierarchy of Needs pyramid.
Who is Abraham Maslow?
Martin Seligman tested this theory on dogs to see if they would stop trying to move away from an electric shock after it had previously been unavoidable.
What is learned helplessness?
This psychologist tested if a group of people could get someone to report a completely incorrect line length by all saying the same wrong response.
Who is Solomon Asch?
Lists the categories of stressors
What are catastrophes, significant life changes, and daily hassles?
This machine is used to measure perspiration levels, heart rate and breathing to detect lies.
What is a polygraph?
An aroused, motivated state that is often triggered by a physiological need.
What is a drive?
The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused state that motivates us to satisfy the need.
What is drive-reduction theory?
The theory that we notice our physiological responses to a stimulus and then we experience our emotions.
What is the James-Lange Theory?
This psychologist had subjects pretend to be teachers and administer electric shocks to students getting incorrect answers proving ordinary people can become cruel.
Who is Stanley Milgram?
The 3 successive phases of the General Adaptation Syndrome
What are alarm reaction, resistance and exhaustion?
The process by which we perceive and respond to events that we deem as threatening or challenging.
What is stress?
Our tendency to be helpful to others when in a good mood.
What is the feel-good, do-good phenomenon?
This theory states that moderate arousal leads to optimal performance and our need to maintain optimal arousal motivates behaviors.
What is Yerkes-Dodson's arousal law?
According to Cannon-Bard theory, these two things are triggered simultaneously
What are the cortex (subjective experience) and the sympathetic nervous system (physiological responses)?
This psychologist assigned students to be prison guards and prisoners and recorded what happened as they played their roles.
Who is Philip Zimbardo?
Name the ten basic emotions isolated by Carroll Izard.
What are joy, interest, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, shame and guilt?
Feelings that influence our responses and are often based on our beliefs.
What are attitudes?
Occurs when people are influenced by attention-getting cues such as a speaker's attractiveness.
What is peripheral route persuasion?
This theory states that cognitive appraisal defines emotion, sometimes without our awareness.
What is Richard Lazarus' theory of emotion states?
Some embodied responses happen instantly, without conscious appraisal describe these people's beliefs about emotions.
Who are Zajonc and LeDoux?
This psychologist wrote a book about Cognitive Dissonance and inconsistency in two thoughts.
Who is Leon Festinger?
The Hierarchy of Needs Pyramid occurs in this order
What are Physiological needs, safety needs, belonging and love needs, esteem needs, self-actualization needs, and self-transcendence needs?
Attempting to reduce stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to our stress.
What is emotion-focused coping?
The tendency, when analyzing other's behavior, to overestimate the influence of personal traits and underestimate the influence of the situation.
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The two basic components of emotions in Schachter-Singer's two-factor theory.
What are cognitive appraisal and physical arousal?
This theory states that we change our views after we act in a way contrary to those views in order to alleviate the bad feeling the incongruity creates.
What is Cognitive Dissonance Theory?
This psychologist proposed 3 stages of alarm, resistance and exhaustion to comprise the General Adaptive Syndrome.
Who is Hans Selye?
List five Emotion theories from Ch 9
What are the James-Lange; Cannon-Bard; Schachter-Singer (two factor); Zajonc, LeDoux; and Lazarus theories?
Influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.
What is normative social influence?
A mixture of stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory actions.
What is prejudice?