Infant Phys / Lang
The argument that development results from biological inheritance or from the environment.
What is nature versus nurture?
The thing that Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky believed cognitive development depended upon.
What is social learning?
The parenting style that produces children who are more confident & make their own decisions
What is the democratic parenting style?
This is the biological event that marks the end of childhood, caused by the endocrine hormones triggering sexual maturation.
What is puberty?
One theory claims that aging is the result of what? (related to body repairing itself)
breaking down of the body's cells.
What can a parent do to speed up a child's walking or speaking?
Nothing. Or Wait for child to develop.
The process of rapid and permanent attachment, which caused goslings to follow Konrad Lorenz.
What is imprinting?
Learning the rules & behaviors from the culture in which you are born.
What is socialization?
1920-1930s, Margaret Mead made a series of anthropological studies & found that adolescence was ___ .
an enjoyable time of life.
Something that declines with age and then affects reaction time, visual motor flexibility, and memory.
What is the nervous system?
This ability is FULLY in place when the infant is born.
What is hearing? (vision continues to develops)
How does a securely-attached infant react when their mother leaves and then returns?
They protest when mother leaves, but they are happy to see mother when she returns.
Erik Erikson's argued that human development depended upon ___ .
What is social approval?
1904, G. Stanley Hall wrote a book that described adolescence as ____ .
a time of storm and stress.
What happens to human personality over the years, according to research?
It usually stays the same.
The ability that develops at 6 months and causes infants to fear visual cliffs.
What is depth perception?
When you hide a toy from sight and the child knows the toy must be somewhere. (18-24 months)
What is object permanence?
The parenting-style that exhibits lots of support (love) and little discipline (rules).
What is the permissive parenting style?
Jessica works at Dairy Queen and hasn't had time to research actual careers, and when her friends ask her about it, Jessica changes the subject. James Marcia says this is ___ .
What is identity diffusion?
What do some intelligence tests measure that is unrelated to intelligence and that makes adults appear less intelligent?
speed
When an infant responds to a touch around the mouth and turns the head toward the source.
What is the rooting reflex?
At age 11+, this ability develops during Piaget's 4th cognitive stage (Formal Operational).
What is abstract thought?
What is Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory?
Life periods in which an individual must satisfy a specific social need
Boys might be more aggressive than girls because of low levels of _____ .
The neurotransmitter serotonin.
Which is one of Kübler-Ross's five stages of loss: Research, anger, fear, desperation?
Anger
After birth, a newborn’s brain continues to wire itself in response to stimuli such as _____ .
Light and color.
When a child encounters a new concept and must change their existing schema to make it fit.
What is accommodation?
Per the cognitive approach, role-taking the job of mother or teacher allows youngsters to ___ .
learn different points of view.
Ricardo is enrolling at Purdue to be an engineer because his mother wants him to be an engineer, though he doesn't know what they do. James Marcia says this is ___ identity.
foreclosure
Even if this ability has always been good, most people having difficulty _____ in their 40s.
seeing
A child will mature automatically according to a schedule, unless ____ . (3 possible answers)
1. They are underfed. 2. Their movement is restricted. 3. Deprived of human contact.
Focusing on 1 feature of a problem, which prevents children under 5 from grasping the principle of conservation.
What is centered thought?
Sigmund Freud argued that human development depended upon children learning to cope with ___ .
Strong sexual & aggressive urges.
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory argues that the purpose of adolescence is to ____ .
develop an identity.
Kübler-Ross identified 5 common styles of dealing with death, but what do critics say about them?
There is no need to follow any order.
Due to Genie's limited interaction with humans as a child, she was never able to _____ .
Understand gammar.
Second stage in Piaget's cognitive dev. theory, where children use symbols to learn language.
What is the preoperational stage?
People reasoning at the preconventional level of moral development are concerned with ___ .
avoiding punishment .
Mickey has researched careers at Disney and at other companies. Based on this research, Mickey has decided to work at Disney. James Marcia calls this ___ identity.
achieved identity
A significant event in many women’s lives is the moment that _____.
the children leave the home
The MAIN reason that a baby must remain in the womb for 37 weeks (premature = harmful).
What is organ growth and development?
Lev Vygotsky’s concept that children learn by working with others.
What is “Zone of Proximal Development”.
People reasoning at the conventional level of moral development are concerned with ___ .
Keeping other people happy.
Isabella has job shadowed six businesses and has read countless help wanted ads on Indeed.com. She is aware of several careers, but still wants to do more research before choosing. James Marcia says this is ___ .
What is Identity Moratorium?
Which is NOT one of Kübler-Ross's five stages of loss: Acceptance, assessment, bargaining, depression?
Assessment.
The correct order for the stages of language development.
What is cooing --> babbling--> sounds as symbols --> telegraphic speech?
The reason Harry Harlow's baby monkeys preferred the cloth mother to the wire mother.
What is contact comfort?
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, what is the key to moral development?
Seeing someone else's point of view
1920, Margaret Meade performed anthropological studies and argued that adolescent storm and stress must be a by-product of this.
What is industrial society?
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Development: The opposite of stagnation is ___ , which is when an adult mentors a young person.
generativity