General Psych
In nature versus nurture, nature refers to __________, nurture refers to ____________
Nature = genetics
Nurture = environment
Who developed the theory of psychosexual development and the unconscious?
Sigmund Freud
Which perspective focuses on the impact of biology and our behavior?
The Little Albert Experiment- a loud sound was paired with fluffy objects/animals. The loud noise startled the child. Soon, just the sight of the fluffy objects/animals scared the child. This experiment proved that FEAR could be LEARNED, supporting what type of conditioning?
Classical conditioning
The ____ categorizes psychological disorders.
DSM-5
Who is considered the father of psychology?
Wilhelm Wundt
Who developed the theory of psychosocial development?
Erik Erikson
Which perspective studies the influence of cultural and ethnic similarities and differences on behavior and social functioning?
Socio-cultural perspective
The Milgram Experiment- "Teachers" administered shocks to "Learners" that got answers incorrect. This experiment implied that ordinary individuals could easily inflict pain on others if such orders were issued by whom?
Authority figures
A psychological disorder in which the person may experience flashbacks and nightmares.
PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder
Independent variable vs. dependent variable.
Independent- variable is manipulated
Dependent- one that changes in relation to the independent variable
Which theorist created Classical Conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
List and describe the 4 parenting styles:
Authoritarian- parents are the bosses
Authoritative- children participate in decisions
Permissive- children have the final say
Uninvolved- self-centered parents, distant from child
What experiment separated young men into guards and prisoners?
A psychological disorder in which people experience delusions and hallucinations.
Schizophrenia
What is the placebo effect?
A change in a participant's illness or behavior that results from a belief that the treatment will have an effect, rather than the actual treatment
Which theorist created moral development?
Lawrence Kohlberg
What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
What case study demonstrated that there are critical periods of language development in children?
The Case of Genie
What is an intense irrational fear of an item or idea?
phobia
What is fight or flight?
Perception of threat activates the sympathetic nervous system and triggers an acute stress response that prepares the body to fight or flee.
Which theorist created operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
Which theorist described the changes in cognitive development in children?
Jean Piaget
What disorder includes prolonged periods of sadness?
Depression