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History and Founders
Theories and Theorists
Basis of Behavior and the Brain
Assessment Tools
Miscellaneous
100
Freud called this the contents of our waking life that spill into our dreams
What is the day residue
100
Primary process thinking is associated with the ____, and secondary process thinking is associated with the ____. a. ego; superego b. ego; id c. id; ego d. superego; id
What is id and ego
100
The approach that examines behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for a species over the course of many generations is a. evolutionary psychology b. clinical psychology c. cognitive psychology d. physiological psychology
What is evolutionary psychology
100
If the differences in IQ scores among people were entirely a result of genetic factors, you would expect to find that the correlation in IQ scores would be a. higher for fraternal twins reared together than for identical twins reared apart b. the same for identical twins reared together and for identical twins reared apart c. lower for identical twins reared together than for identical twins reared apart d. higher for identical twins reared together than for identical twins reared apart
What is the same for identical twins reared together and for identical twins reared apart
100
The example of a new parent who sleeps through a loud thunderstorm, but wakes up the minute their newborn infant begins to cry is used to illustrate that during sleep, there is a. no awareness of external stimuli b. an awareness of all external stimuli c. a selective awareness of external stimuli d. no awareness of either external or internal stimuli
What is a selective awareness of external stimuli
200
According to Skinner, the fundamental principle of operant conditioning is that organisms tend to repeat those responses that a. are followed by favorable consequences b. increase a biological need c. reduce a biological need d. decrease the probability of the consequence that produced it
What are followed by favorable consequences
200
According to drive theory of motivation, if you drink water when you are thirsty, drinking results in a. need reduction and restores physiological equilibrium b. drive reduction and restores physiological equilibrium c. drive production and serves as an incentive d. need production and serves as an incentive
What is drive reduction and restores physiological equilibrium
200
Most of the discernible physiological arousal associated with emotion occurs through the actions of the a. medulla b. central nervous system c. autonomic nervous system d. forebrain
What is autonomic nervous system
200
The method used to examine the contents of consciousness by early psychologists that involved the careful systematic self-observation of your own conscious experience is known as a. natural selection b. behaviorism c. structuralism d. introspection
What is introspection
200
Gunther is a news anchor who just flew from San Diego to Paris, crossing eight time zones. Based on what is known about jet lag, Gunther will most likely a. take just over a week to adjust to the new time zone b. take 48 hours to adjust to the new time zone c. not experience any jet lag because he has flown west to east d. take about four days to adjust to the new time zone
What is take just over a week to adjust to the new time zone
300
The two aspects of an individual's behavior that are central to the concept of personality are a. appropriateness and distinctiveness b. consistency and typicalness c. appropriateness and typicalness d. consistency and distinctiveness
What are consistency and distinctiveness
300
The cerebrum a. is the largest and most complex part of the human brain b. is primarily involved in the coordination of bodily movements and balance c. is the structure that connects the two sides of the brain d. relays sensory information to the higher centers of the brain
What is the largest and most complex part of the human brain
300
Functional fixedness is the a. tendency to perceive an item only in terms of its most common use b. inability to carry out a sequence of transformations in order to reach a specific goal c. sudden discovery of the correct solution following incorrect attempts based primarily on trial and error d. inability to discover the relations among the parts of a problem
What is the tendency to perceive an item only in terms of its most common use
400
The "birth" of psychology as a science occurred in ____ when ____. a. 1879; Wundt established the first laboratory for psychological research b. 1900; Freud first described the unconscious c. 1859; Darwin published the theory of natural selection d. 1890; James published the textbook Principles of Psychology
What is 1879; Wundt established the first laboratory for psychological research
400
The largely unconscious reactions used to protect a person from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt are a. defense mechanisms b. offense mechanisms c. id mechanisms d. coping mechanisms
What is defense mechanisms
400
According to the ____ law, a neuron fires an action potential at only one level of intensity. a. action b. refractory c. threshold d. all-or-none
What is all-or-none
400
A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is a a. hypothesis b. research method c. cause d. theory
What is hypothesis
400
Roger enjoys gambling so much that he does it every day, totally neglecting his family and job. Roger's behavior satisfies which criterion of abnormality most clearly? a. personal distress b. maladaptive behavior c. persistence d. deviance
What is maladaptive behavior
500
Maslow called the need to fulfill one's potential the need for a. affiliation b. achievement c. self-actualization d. self-determinism
What is self-actualization
500
The ____ approach assumes that events are governed by some lawful order. a. cognitive b. philosophical c. mechanical d. scientific
What is scientific
500
Surgically disconnecting the cerebral hemispheres has its origins in the treatment of a. paralysis b. epileptics c. people in comas d. schizophrenics
What are epileptics
500
The two main types of research methods used in psychology are the a. experimental and descriptive/correlational research methods b. experimental and case study research methods c. descriptive and correlational research methods d. descriptive/correlational and case study research methods
What is experimental and descriptive/correlational research methods
500
If a child is born with a small head, heart defects, irritability, hyperactivity, and retarded mental and motor development, the mother most likely ____ during her pregnancy. a. had a disease such as rubella, syphilis or mumps b. consumed excessive amounts of alcohol c. was severely malnourished d. smoked excessively
What is consumed excessive amounts of alcohol