Social
The sharing of information about oneself is referred to as
A. social exchange
B. experience sampling
C. communal sharing
D. self-disclosure
E. authority ranking
What is...
d. self-disclosure
Marc recently moved to an area that experienced a large number of tornadoes, which frightened him greatly. Every time a storm containing high winds emerged, the lights in his home flickered. When the lights in his home flickered on a clear day, he became quite fearful and searched for a safe place to hide. What is the conditioned stimulus in this scenario?
A. high winds
B. lights flickering
C. hiding place
D. Storms
E. Fear
What is...
b. lights flickering
If a psychological disorder has a genetic basis , one would expect to find the highest concordance rate for the illness between which of the following?
A. Mother and child
B. Father and child
C. Identical twins
D. Fraternal twins
E. Nontwin siblings
What is...
D. Identical twins
Joe's therapist frequently exhibits genuineness and empathy toward Joe. These elements are defining features of which of the following therapeutic approaches ?
A. Existential
B. Psychoanalytical
C. Behavioral
D. Cognitive
E. Client-centered
What is...
E. Client-centered
Between eight and ten months of age, babies will watch a parents face in a new situation before responding to the situation themselves. This monitoring of adults' emotional reactions is called
A. Temperament
B. behavioral inhibition
C. social referencing
D. Synchrony
E. Emotional display
What is...
C. social referencing
When Persuasive communications follow the peripheral route, they focus on which of the following?
A. Beliefs
B. Facts
C. Values.
D. Emotions
E. Cognitions
What is...
D. Emotions
Organizing the sting of letters B-F-J-T-A-V-K-C into JFK-TV-CAB is an example of..
A. Simplifying
B. Clustering
C. Seriating
What is...
D. Chunking
When stress is prolonged the most likely result is
A. generalized weakening of the immune system
B. damage to brain areas within the pons and medulla
C. an increase in the level of naturally produced endorphins
D. intensification of the effects of natural killer cells
E. an increase in the number of T cells
What is...
A. generalized weakening of the immune system
Personality disorders are characterized by which specific symptoms?
A. Permanent severe deficits of cognitive functioning
B. Loss of contact with reality
C. Long-term maladaptive traits and behavior patterns
D. Unexplained physical symptoms
E. Extreme alternations in mood
What is...
C. Long-term maladaptive traits and behavior patterns
What is a limitation of Elisabeth Kübler-Ross's stages of coping with death (denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance)?
A. The stages are not relevant to terminally ill patients
B. The stages are based on a study with fewer than twenty individuals
C. Not all people experience every stage
D. Few people in Western cultures experience the depression stage
E. The stages are generally not relevant to younger adults
What is...
C. Not all people experience every stage
Th Preference for loosely knit social frame-work in which individuals are only responsible for the care of their children and themselves is known as:
A. collectivism
B. individualism
C. ethnocentrism
D. egocentrism
E. interactionism
What is...
B. individualism
Patients with bilateral damage to the hippocampal formation are tested on motor learning tasks such as the Tower of Hanoi. Studies show that the patients improve their performance with repeated exposures. When asked whether they have ever seen the task, even after numerous test sessions with it, they typically report not having seen it before. Such results have led to which of the following conclusions?
A. Patients with hippocamplan injury suffer from confabulation similar to korsakoff's patients
B. The inability to remember the Tower of Hanoi reflects a fundamental lesion-induced inhability to name objects
C. Although procedural memory may not rely on normal hippocampal functioning, declarative memory does.
D. Hippocampal injury enhances the acquisition of tasks relying on motor learning.
E. Whereas procedural memory is severely impaired after hippocampal injury, reference memory is intact.
What is...
C. Although procedural memory may not rely on normal hippocampal functioning, declarative memory does.
The ability of a postsynaptic neuron to respond to the presence of a particular neurotransmitter that is released from a presynaptic neuron is dependent on which of the following conditions?
A. The storage of the neurotransmitter in the presynaptic neuron
B. the ability of the neurotransmitter to penetrate the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron
C. The presence of receptors on the postsynaptic neuron that have an affinity for that particular neurotransmitter
D. whether or not the neurotransmitter is excitatory or inhibitory
E. whether or not the postsynaptic neuron has an axon that is myelinated
What is...
C. The presence of receptors on the postsynaptic neuron that have an affinity for that particular neurotransmitter
According to the DSM-5, children with separation anxiety disorder often experience which of the following symptoms in addition to excessive fear or anxiety over separation from attachment figures?
A. excessive concern about the safety and well-being of attachment figures
B. Persistent desire to develop relationships with adults other than those who serve as major attachment figures
C. Pervasive anxiety about failure in school or social situations
D. Perceptual delusions that the childs parents have been replaced with physically identical imposters
E. irresistabele urges to perform and repeat a certain act over and over again
What is...
A. excessive concern about the safety and well-being of attachment figures
Cephalocaudal development refers to development that proceeds from
A. The trunk outward
B. Head to tail
C. bottom to top
D. the perimeter toward the center
E. the general to the specific
What is...
B. Head to tail
According to a current model, learned helplessness in humans is determined by causal explanations of prior uncontrollable events. These causal explanations are referred to as
A. aggregation
B. attributions
C. circular reasoning
d. personal constructs
e. valuations
What is...
B. attributions
The neural hub of the central executive portion of working memory is thought to be located in the
A. prefrontal cortex
B. somatosensory cortex
C. brainstem
D. temporal lobe
E. occipital lobe
What is...
A. prefrontal cortex
Which of the following is chemically similar to opiates, has the ability to reduce pain, and is blocked by the action of naloxone?
A. Norepinephrine
B. Acetylcholine
C. Serotonin
D. Endorphin
E. Dopamine
What is...
D. Endorphin
Consider the sentence "The dishwasher is running." Which of the following is true?
A. It can have more than one surface structure.
B. It can have more than one deep structure
C. It is grammatically incorrect
D. It can have more than one syntax
E. It violates the rules of bottom-up processing
What is...
B. It can have more than one deep structure
Correlations of IQ scores are highest for which of the following pairs?
A. Mother and child, when the child is reared by both birth parents
B. Father and child, when the child is reared by both birth parents
C. Siblings reared together in a birth family
D. Monozygotic twins reared apart in adoptive families
E. Dizygotic twins reared together in a birth family
What is...
D. Monozygotic twins reared apart in adoptive families
Which of the following statements describes normative influence?
A. The process by which we come to evaluate and know others
B. The tendency for impressions of others to be heavily influenced by information gathered early in an interaction
C. A set of theories describing how people explain causes of behavior
D. Conformity motivated by a fear of social rejection
E. conformity motivated by the belief that others are correct
What is...
D. Conformity motivated by a fear of social rejection
Which of the following is the best example of the categorical perception of human speech?
A. Listeners are able to categorize speech samples in terms of the gender of the speaker.
B. Listeners are able to categorize a stream of words into a series of distinct words, because they can identify the brief pauses that appear between words.
C. When a sound is presented that is intermediate between the phonemes /b/ and /p/, listeners report that they heard either a distinct /b/ or a distinct /p/.
D. During speech perception, listeners automatically place phonemes into one of two categories, vowels or consonants.
E. After hearing a sentence, people process each word and make decisions about the word's function within that sentence.
What is...
C. When a sound is presented that is intermediate between the phonemes /b/ and /p/, listeners report that they heard either a distinct /b/ or a distinct /p/.
The bradykinesia, cogwheel rigidity, and tremors that characterize Parkinson's disease are a result of the degeneration of dopaminergic cells in the
A. association cortex
B. Cerebellum
C. hippocampus
D. reticular formation
E. substantia nigra
What is...
E. Substantia nigra
The idea that people cope with stress by moving toward people, away from people, or against people is most consistent with the views of
A. Aaron Beck
B. Carl Rogers
C. Karen Horney
D. Erik Erikson
E. Erich Fromm
What is...
C. Karen Horney
When Latoya was younger, She decided which ice cream cone was bigger by always picking the taller one. Now that shes eight years old, she makes more-accurate choices by considering the width and depth of the cone as well as its height. Latoya has learned to...
A. assimilate
B. use seriation
C. show formal operations
D. display class inclusion
E. decenter
What is...
E. decenter