All About Freud
Freud's psychotherapeutic technique in which the patient says whatever comes to mind.
What is the free association technique?
Students in a room were given a vision test and were asked to identify which of 3 lines was the same length as the target line. When asked alone, the tests were accurate. When in a group (unknowingly with acting participants whose task was to give the wrong answer), real participants chose the wrong answer because they did not want to give an answer that was different from the rest of the group. This study showed how powerful conformity can be.
What is the Asch Conformity Experiment?
The mother of this person made it clear that she was only with her father out of fear of becoming a spinster. She rejected her child in favor of her firstborn. The theorist's father also belittled her. She felt inferior, worthless, and hostile, writing that she needs love.
Who is Karen Horney?
An individual who holds onto his or her original values while also learning and adopting the values of the host culture.
What is integrationist/ biculturals?
The strength of the stimulus-response connection, which is a function of the number of reinforcements.
What is habit strength?
The 3 levels of personality.
What are the id, ego, and superego?
In this study, participants were asked to deliver shocks to people who didn't give a correct answer to a question. They were unaware that the people answering the questions, the "learners," were in on the experiment. The experimenters wanted to see how far people would go in order to obey an authority figure and found that over half of the participants delivered shocks to the maximum level, even though the learners sounded hurt or unconscious.
What is the Milgram shock experiment?
This theorist was born in a wealthy family. His childhood involved illness (pneumonia), jealousy of his older brother, and rejection by his mother. He considered himself puny and unattractive. His mother was a cold person, so he preferred his father. Starting off as a poor student, he strived to achieve and ended up being one of the top students in his class.
Who is Alfred Adler?
Discriminatory behavior that is backed by institutional power.
What is racism?
A condition that develops when a person is unable to compensate or normal inferiority feelings.
What is an inferiority complex?
Behaviors that represent unconscious denials or distortions of reality but which are adopted to protect the ego against anxiety.
What are defense mechanisms?
In this experiment, monkeys who were separated from their mothers at birth were placed with either a wire monkey as a "mother" or a version of the wire monkey covered in cloth. The wire monkey provided food for the younger monkeys, while the monkeys went to the cloth mother for comfort. This study showed there was more to bonds and attachments than just providing food, but also comfort and security.
What are Harlow's Rhesus Monkey Experiments?
This theorist had a very strict childhood and poor physical health. His parents were very religious and suppressed him from displaying any emotions. He was constantly lonely and read many books in his free time to stay occupied. It wasn't until college that he broke free of his parents to think for himself and was persuaded that people must choose to guide their lives by their own interpretation of events rather than relying on the views of others and that we must strive actively to improve ourselves. From these ideas, he began to develop his theories.
Who is Carl Rogers?
A generalization about a group or its members based upon their categorization.
What is a stereotype?
An association between stimulus and response, taken to indicate evidence of consciousness in animals.
What is an associative memory?
Freud identified the developmental stages of childhood centering on erogenous zones.
What are the psychosexual stages of development?
This study involved a 9-month old baby. Showing no previous fear to a white rat, the rat was placed in his view around the same time a loud rattling noise went off. After doing this enough times, the baby was conditioned to fear the white rat, along with other white, furry things.
What is the Little Albert Experiment?
This theorist grew up with fear and love towards his father and a passionate (even sexual) attachment to his mother. His mother showed favoritism toward him and believed he could achieve many things. He was very intelligent even at an early age and used many of his experiences to develop his theories.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
The status in which White people are comfortable with their White identity, understand that racism is connected with other forms of oppression, and work to address all forms of oppression.
What is autonomy?
Learning based on the repetition of response tendencies that lead to success.
What is trial-and-error learning?
Freud's view that at the age of 4-5, there is an unconscious desire of a boy for his mother and a desire to replace or destroy his father.
What is the Oedipus complex?
This study split a classroom into two sections: the first section was brown eyes and the second section was blue eyes. For a period of time, the teacher read articles to the class that showed one group was superior to the other. The group deemed "superior" started degrading the other group, making the other group feel more insecure. After time passed, the teacher began reading articles in the other group's favor, which made them switch roles. This study showed how much people show discrimination.
What is Jane Elliot's blue-eyed versus brown-eyed students?
This theorist liked to build things as a child, including wagons, rafts, model airplanes, and steam cannons. He spent years trying to create a perpetual motion machine. He read many books about animals and even attended a county fair, where he saw performing pigeons. He was convinced that life is a product of past reinforcements.
Who is B. F. Skinner?
What is the personal identity stage?
The psychic energy that drives a person toward pleasurable thoughts and behaviors.
What is libido?