Disorders
This disorder is characterised by lowering of mood, loss of interest and enjoyment, and reduced energy.
What is depression?
People with this disorder experience persistent & intrusive thoughts or urges and feel driven to perform repetitive behaviors that are excessive and distressing. Even though they recognize these actions as irrational, they often feel unable to control them.
What is OCD?
This psychologist proposed that behavior is driven by the unconscious mind, introduced the concepts of the id, ego, and superego, developed psychosexual stages of development, and helped pioneer talk therapy as a treatment for mental illness.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
This perspective explains behavior and emotions through biological factors like genetics, brain processes, and evolution, emphasizing the role of nature in shaping human behavior.
What are biological theories?
This theory organizes human needs into a pyramid that starts with basic survival needs to self-actualization—suggesting that lower needs must be met before reaching one’s full potential.
What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Disorder that can develop as a response to people who have experienced any traumatic event.
What is post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
This disorder is characterized by at least one manic episode lasting a week or more, often with depressive episodes, where the intense highs can significantly disrupt daily life and the lows tend to last longer and occur more frequently.
What is Bipolar I disorder?
This psychologist is known for discovering classical conditioning, showing how a neutral stimulus can be paired with a natural stimulus to trigger a conditioned response through association.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
This approach focuses on how unconscious thoughts and early childhood experiences shape personality and behavior, including the idea that the mind is structured into the id, ego, and superego.
What are psychodynamic theories?
This concept refers to the body’s internal 24-hour clock that regulates sleep, wake cycles, and other processes like hormones and body temperature, influenced by environmental cues such as light.
What is the circadian rhythm?
Disorder characterised by disruptions to thinking and emotions, and a distorted perception of reality.
What is schizophrenia?
This disorder involves excessive, uncontrollable worry occurring most days for at least six months, often about everyday situations, with persistent fear about potential future threats even when there is little or no reason for concern
What is generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
This psychologist developed a theory of cognitive development outlining four stages & explained how children’s thinking evolves from basic sensory experiences to abstract reasoning.
This psychological approach emphasizes free will, personal growth, and the belief that people are inherently good, focusing on reaching one’s full potential and concepts like self-actualization and unconditional positive regard.
What are humanistic theories?
This concept refers to the brain’s ability to adapt by reorganizing its structure and connections in response to learning, experience, or injury, allowing it to recover and form new pathways.
What is neuroplasticity?
Disorder is characterised by restricted eating, weight loss, and fear of gaining weight.
What is anorexia nervosa?
Disorder has periods of binge eating (often in secret), followed by attempts to compensate with excessive exercise, vomiting, or periods of strict dieting.
What is bulimia nervosa?
This psychologist, known as a leading figure in behaviorism, developed the theory of operant conditioning & introduced schedules of reinforcement to explain how timing affects learning.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
This psychological perspective focuses on how people think, process information, and make sense of the world, emphasizing mental processes and the role of internal frameworks in shaping behavior.
What are cognitive theories?
This concept refers to a person’s belief about whether life outcomes are controlled by their own actions or by external forces outside their control.
What is locus of control?
This disorder involves recurring depressive episodes along with hypomanic episodes; similar to mania but less severe and shorter in duration—though it can still be chronic and long-lasting.
What is Bipolar II disorder?
This disorder is marked by unstable relationships, intense mood swings, impulsive behaviors, and a deep fear of abandonment, often affecting a person’s self-image and ability to maintain stable connections with others.
What is borderline personality disorder (BPD)?
This psychologist developed social learning theory & played a key role in the cognitive revolution by showing how people can learn behaviors by watching others.
Who is Albert Bandura?
This approach to psychology focuses on how behavior is learned through conditioning, emphasizing environmental influences like rewards, punishments, and associations while largely ignoring internal mental processes.
What is behaviorism?
This concept refers to mental frameworks that help people organize and interpret information, allowing them to quickly make sense of the world by using patterns of thinking.
What is a schema?