Theories
Biological Mechanisms
Risk Factors
Treatment/Consequences
Random
100

this theory of addiction is one of the most used today, it combines 3 large domains to explain the factors of addiction, each domain has its own subset of previously theorized models of addiction

what is biopsychosocial model of addiction?

100

cocaine blocks ______ in the synapse which leads to more binding and activation of dopamine and other neurotransmitters

what is reuptake?

100

an inherited vulnerability that increases the likelihood of an addiction

what is genetic predisposition or vulnerability?
100

commonly used as a life-saving measure when someone is overdosing

what is naloxone or narcan?

100

Any substances that affect mental processes and behavior, thoughts, awareness, etc.

what is a psychoactive substance?

200

this model says that drug addiction is the fault of the individual, that they have personal weakness or lack the willpower to stop using

what is the moral model of addiction?

200

a substance that increases the action of a neurotransmitter without directly binding to a receptor

what is an indirect agonist?

200

this risk factor is one of the biggest predictors for later substance issues, especially if before the age of 15

what is early initiation or age of first use?
200

this medicine blocks the elimination of acetaldehyde which then produces an aversive response that makes drinking alcohol uncomfortable

what is disulfiram (Antabuse)?

200

the four main types of drug administration for recreational users

what are intranasal, intravenous, ingestion, and inhalation?

300

the theory that addiction is a chronic disorder that alters brain chemistry

what is the disease model?

300

specialized receptors activated by noxious insults that are widely distributed in skin and deep tissues

what are nociceptors?

300

when an individual suffers from an addiction as well as another mental disorder

what is comorbidity?

300

a severe, potentially fatal, form of alcohol withdrawal. can include seziures and hallucinations

what is delirium tremens?

300

the 4 C's of addiction

what are compulsion, craving, consequence, and control?

400

this theory focuses on factors such as genetic vulnerabilities, neurotransmitter imbalances or neuroplasticity as the reasons someone becomes addicted

what is the biological theory of addiction?

400

a brain circuit that processes rewards and motivation; includes the VTA, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and more 

what is the mesolimbic dopamine pathway?

400

those who experience these distressing or traumatic events while young have a higher likelihood of addiction. ex: abuse, neglect, household dysfunction

what are adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)?

400

this syndrome results from a thiamine deficiency, most commonly caused by chronic alcohol abuse due to malnutrition and interference with the absorption of thiamine. Leads to severe neurological impairments including memory issues

what is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

400

A repetitive and invariant behavior pattern with no obvious goal or function

ex: skin picking

what are stereotyped behaviors?

500
this theory says that addiction is a result of neuroplasticity from repeated exposure to rewarding stimuli that sensitizes the brain to that stimuli and leads to heightened compulsive behaviors and cravings 

what is the incentive sensitization theory?

500

this neurotransmitter and function is most associated with cannabis use

what are cannabinoid 1 receptors and downregulation?

500

this familial risk factor can increase your chance of developing an alcohol use disorder by 2-4x

what is an alcoholic parent?

500

helps to treat opioid dependency, a partial mu-opioid receptor agonist, reduces cravings and withdrawal but does not produce an intense euphoric effect

what is buprenorphine?

500

this drug modulates the effect of GABA-A receptors, opens the chloride channel more frequently to inhibit the neuron, but only when GABA is bound

what are benzodiazepines?