Unit 1
Who is the father of psychoanalysis approach?
Sigmond Freud
Which study is observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situation without trying to manipulates and control the situation?
Naturalistic observation
What is the difference between excitatory and inhibitory?
Excitatory– kind of neurotransmitters stimulate the brain
Inhibitory — neurotransmitters calm the brain
What is Selective Attention?
Focus awareness on a limited aspect of your sense experience
What is the 3 part of the ear
External Ear, Middle ear, Inner ear
Which approach takes the “best” aspects of all previous perspective and applies them into one approach?
Biopsychosocial approach
What is the definition of Replication?
Repeating the essence of a research study usually with different participants in different situations to see whether the basic finding extend to other participants and circumstances
What is the difference between PET imaging than CAT?
PET- Brain imaging test uses a slightly radioactive solution to measure the activity of the brain (different parts of the brain) while the person is performing different tasks
CAT- an imaging technique used to study brain to pinpoint injuries and brain deterioration (measure amount of radiation)
Difference between perception and sensation
Sensation- Ability to ¨ take in ¨ the stimuli that happen to us
Perception- Processing and becoming aware of the sensations taking place and labeling them.
What is the brain’s main inhibitory neurotransmitter?
GABA
The question, “Is intelligence more influenced by heredity or experience?” deals with a big issue in psychology known as
Nature vs Nurture
What does this phrase mean "Correlation does not imply causation”?
The fact that two variables are strongly correlated does not in itself imply a cause-and-effect relationship between the variables.
What make up the endocrine system?
Hormones and Pineal gland produces melatonin and regulates our circadian rhythm (wake cycle)
What is the difference between top-down and bottom-up?
Bottom-up processing—stimulus that is currently being experienced in one external environment( not prior knowledge or experience)
Top-down processing—perception of stimuli requires the use of expectations,memories
Which gland is the master gland?
Pituitary gland
Which of the following humanistic theories involves individuals striving to be the best possible version of themselves?
Self-Actualization
What is an example of Confounding variable?
If someone is sick then it will be the confounding since it affects the IV
What is the difference between hypothalamus than Hippocampus?
Hypothalamus: controls autonomic systems, produce and release hormones /part of the brain controls the Pituitary Gland
Hippocampus: formation of long-term memories
What is the Gestalt Theory?
The whole is different (more) than the sum of its parts.
Rejects the idea of perception being broken into components/small parts
Humans focus on overall patterns, not just small part
Why we sleep?
Recovery, restoration (Mentally and Physically), making memories, creativity, wish fulfillment, information processing
What is the humanist perspective use for?
Used for someone who is experiencing low self-esteem and will use the Maslow’s hierarchy to help them
What is the 6 APA’s ethical guidelines?
Legal- don’t do anything that isn’t legal
Harm- don’t harm people
Informed consent- have all participants write a consent
Deception- deception is allowed but cannot be harmful/must be aware
Confidentiality- must tell participants the results and why they did it
Harm to animal- can harm animals
What are the 4 Lobes of the Brain?
Occipital, Parietal, Temporal, Frontal
What is the Hearing process?
Sound wave—eardrum; cause it to vibrate
Eardrum vibration—hammer, anvil, stirrup bones, weak vibrations converted/amplified to stronger vibrations –help with processing
Stirrup—cochlea; vibration move hair cells (basilar membrane)
Hair cells (basilar membrane); combine to alert the auditory nerve
auditory nerve(cochlear nerve)—temporal lobe–makes us consciously aware of sounds
What is the gate theory?
Gate theory (Gate control theory of pain)
Scientific theory about the psychological perception of pain
Spinal cord contains a neurological ¨gate¨ that blocks the pain or allows then to pass on to the brain.