Cognitive and Emotional Development Vocab
Schema?
conceptual framework someone uses to make sense of the world
What is anxiety?
A vague, generalized apprehension or feeling that on is in danger
A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome
The desire to do something, typically accompanied by unease
What is developmental psychology the study of?
The study of how humans develop and why they develop as they do
How does the social development of boys and girls differ?
Involves teaching children the “rules” of society
In the U.S. we tend to encourage boys to show aggression and not fear and not to express emotion
We teach young girls to express emotion over ambition
What is the definition of adolescence?
Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and adulthood
Representational thought?
the ability to represent something in your mind (develops with the achievement of object permanence)
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a pattern of constant and excessive worry
Generalized anxiety disorder may be learned or partly inherited
Avoiding to trigger of anxiety does not allow for someone to unlearn the anxiety
Traumatic experiences in childhood
Major life change
Uncertainties of modern life
What is the most important attribute of a caregiver?
Consistency
What does socialization entail?
Socialization also involves teaching children what it means to live with others
Sharing
Gifts and talents
What is Rationalization?
explaining (often unpleasant) emotion or behavior in a way that will preserve self- esteem
Conservation?
the principle that a given quantity does not change when the appearance changes
What is phobia disorder?
Phobic disorder
A ‘phobia’ is an intense, irrational fear of a particular object or situation
Phobias bring on anxiety and fear that is out of proportions to the real danger presented
What is key to language development?
Symbols and representations
What did Erik Erikson believe?
Believed social development happened in stages
Each stage has a crisis that the individual must overcome to move on to the next stage
HOW a child moves through each stage depends on how other people respond of their efforts
During adolescence “formal operational” thinking begins to emerge. What is formal operational thinking?
Abstract thinking
Expands problem solving capabilities
Higher level thinking allows adolescents to deal with powerful emotional feelings through rationalization
Egocentric?
seeing or thinking about the world only from your perspective or standpoint
What is OCD?
Obsession: An acute form of anxiety where the the person thinks that same thoughts over and over in an uncontrollable pattern. Compulsion: When a person is repeatedly performing coping behaviors in order to reduce the distress
What do people use to make sense of the world in development?
Intellectual Schemas: ‘framework’ a person uses to make sense of the world. We understand new objects or concepts by applying OR changing our schema. The 2 ways we change our schemas are assimilation and accommodation.
Random!!
What are 3 main ways christians approach psychology?
Unnecessary or dangerous
Can be contradicting bible
Excuse for actions
Held in a high regard
Much to teach about human nature
Important way of learning about god's creation
Psychology first bible second
Incomplete or narrow
Psychology is incomplete
Both psychology and theology are necessary for the complexity of human nature and behavior
List at least 5 Psychological things that happen during adolescence
during adolescence:
Accepting one's physical makeup
Developing relationships
Becoming emotionally independent of parent and other adults
Achieving assurance that one will become economically independent
Deciding on and preparing for a vocation
Developing social competence
Understanding socially responsible behavior (and achieving it)
Acquiring values that are harmonious and appropriate
Imprinting?
the inherited tendency of most newborn animals to follow or attach to the first moving objects they see *theory for human and babies*
What is Somatoform Disorder?
A condition in which there is no (apparent) physical cause. Like anxiety, somatoform disorders can create a wide variety of physical symptoms even when no physical cause is evident. “Hysteria” unexplainable fainting, paralysis, deafness…
Note: some other major psychological disorders first manifest symptoms that are similar to somatoform disorder
What 2 reflexes are newborns, born with?
Newborns are born with a “grasping reflex” and a “rooting reflex”
List 6 childhood developmental disorder...
Tourettes
ADHD
Asburgers
Autism
OCD
dyslexia
name at least one key point from Dr. David Elkind...
Finding fault with authority figures: Adolescents discover that people they admired for years fall short for their ideals
Argumentativeness: adolescents practice building their own viewpoints by arguing any problem that presents itself
Indecisiveness: aware of many choices, adolescents often have trouble making even simple decisions
Apparent hypocrisy: adolescents have difficulty understanding an ideal and living up to it
Self-consciousness: adolescents assume that everyone is thinking about the same thing they are - themselves? This leads them to avoid situations they think will be uncomfortable
Invulnerability: adolescents begin to feel special, that their experiences are unique, and that they are not subject to the same rules that govern everyone else.