____________ is the variable in a study that is manipulated by the researcher.
Independent Variable
100
What are the four ways to organize data?
Frequency distribution, Bar graph, Histogram, and Frequency polygon.
100
For IQ one ______________ is 15 points.
Standard deviation
100
Define probability
The number of ways a particular outcome can occur divided by the total number of possible outcomes.
100
True or False: If there is a positive correlation between socio-economic status and intelligence, that means low socio-economic status causes low intelligence. Explain in terms of correlation.
False. Correlation does not mean causation.
200
What are the three goals of science?
Description, Prediction, and Explanation
200
What is the best way to organize continuous data?
Frequency polygon
200
What is the difference between average deviation and standard deviation?
They each use a separate method to get rid of the negative deviation scores. (Average uses absolute value and Standard uses squaring and taking the square root).
200
What is the probability of pulling a card that is a diamond out of a 52 card deck?
1/4 or 25%
200
What are the three types of correlation?
Positive, negative and curvilinear.
300
What are the four properties of measurement?
Identity, Equal unit size, Magnitude, and Absolute zero
300
__________ is the sum of the individual scores divided by the total number of individuals.
Mean
300
Given that the standard deviation for IQ is 15 and the mean is 100. What is the Z score for a score of 140?
2.67
300
What is the probability of getting heads for five flips in a row?
1/32
300
Would a correlation coefficient of .5 indicate a strong relationship?
Yes it would indicate a moderate or strong relationship.
400
____________ variables are variables that fall along a continuum and allow for fractional amounts.
Continuous Variables
400
What is the median in this set of numbers:
4,7,8,3,9,6,10,2,6,8,4
6
400
Given a z score of 2, what is the percentile rank?
97.7%
400
In what profession is type 1 error the worst kind of error to make?
Medicine
400
What is the coefficient of determination and what does it mean?
r^2 and it is the measure of the proportion of variance in one variable that is accounted for by another variable.
500
Give an example of each kind of measurement scale.
Nominal: gender
Ordinal: Letter grade
Interval: Temperature
Ratio: Weight, Height, Time
500
What is the best measure of central tendency when the data is continuous, but not normally distributed?
Median
500
Given an IQ score of 90, find the z score and percentile rank. The mean is 100 and one standard deviation is 15.
Z score is -.67 and percentile rank is 25.1%
500
What is the probability that a person scores above 130 or below 70 on an IQ test?
4.4%
500
How would you calculate Pearsons r?
Take the sum of multiplying the z scores together and divide that by N.