The Nervous System
What are the two structures in the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
How many synapses does a monosynaptic reflex arc have?
1 synapse
The left hemisphere is responsible for?
Speech, language and comprehension
What is the Broca's area responsible for?
Responsible for speech production
What is the artistic representation (creature) of the areas of the sensory motor cortex that control different parts of the body called?
The homunculus
What is the bundle of nerve fibres that connects the brain with the peripheral nervous system called?
The spinal cord
How many synapses does a polysynaptic reflex arc have?
2 synapses
What is white matter made up of?
Myelinated nerve fibres
What is the Wernicke's area responsible for?
Understanding Speech
What is term we use to describe when the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body?
Contralateral organisation
What are the four divisions of spinal nerves?
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral
Which neurons bring sensations from the receptors in the PNS to the CNS?
Sensory (affector) neurons
What does the corpus callosum do?
A bundle of nerve fibres that connects the two hemispheres
What is the Geschwind's Territory?
Nerve fibres that connect the Broca's and Wernicke's areas
What part of the brain initiates voluntary movements?
The primary motor cortex
What is the the motor division of the PNS responsible for?
Consists of motor neurons and sends messages from the CNS to the PNS to coordinate movement
Which neurons carry messages from the CNS to the PNS?
Motor (effector) neurons
What brain region is responsible for receiving information on sensation (touch, pressure, pain, temperature)
The parietal lobe
What is a symptom of Broca's aphasia?
Non-fluent and broken speech
Which brain structure coordinates smooth, well-sequenced movements?
The cerebellum
Which devision of the PNS controls involuntary movements?
The autonomic NS
What neuron connects sensory and motor neurons in a polysynaptic reflex arc?
Interneuron
What is the role of the occipital lobe?
Processes visual stimuli
What is a symptom of Wernicke's aphasia?
Fluent unbroken speech that is nonsensical
Which part of the brain gathers information from various areas of the brain and sends it to the motor cortex?
The basal ganglia