History of Psychology (Prologue)
Who is considered the “father of psychology” and started the first psychology lab?
Wilhelm Wundt
If researchers observe people in their natural environment without interfering, what method is this?
Naturalistic observation
Dopamine
Which lobe of the brain is involved in vision?
Occipital lobe
Which part of the brain helps coordinate movement and balance, sometimes called the “little brain”?
The Cerebellum
What is the name of the early approach that used introspection to study the mind’s structure?
Structuralism
What is the main weakness of a case study?
May not generalize to the wider population
The Central Nervous System (CNS) is made of two main structures. What are they?
The brain and the spinal cord.
Which lobe processes hearing?
Temporal lobe
Which part of the brainstem controls heartbeat and breathing?
Medulla
Which psychologist is known for functionalism?
William James
What are the three descriptive methods?
Case studies, naturalistic observations and surveys
An inhibitory neurotransmitter that promotes calmness.
GABA
The hippocampus is is crucial for forming and storing long-term memories. In whicjh lobe is it located?
Temporal lobe
Which system is called the “emotion center” of the brain?
Limbic system
Which perspective focuses on how behavior springs from unconscious drives?
Psychodynamic/Freud
What does “correlation does not mean causation” mean?
Two things can be related without one causing the other
Name the neurotransmitter that gets your body ready for quick action.
Adrenaline or epinephrine
Lobe that helps us detect colors, shapes, movement and distance.
Occipital lobe
Older brain structure critical for forming new memories and learning.
The Hippocampus
What are the three levels of analysis in psychology’s biopsychosocial approach? (think of the pyramid of Maslow)
Basic/biological needs, psychological needs, and social-cultural/sel fulfillment needs
In an experiment, what is the difference between the independent and dependent variable?
IV = what you change/manipulate; DV = what you measure)
Hormones are part of the nervous system or the endocrine system? Is this system faster or slower when it comes to communication?
Endocrine system. Slower communication.
The Broca's area of the _____ lobe helps you speak and create words.
frontal
Older brain structure that regulates vital bodily functions such as hunger, thirst, and temperature.
The Hypothalamus