Theories
This part of the personality represents morals, rules, and ideals learned from parents and society.
Superego
This term describes when someone accidentally says something revealing their true thoughts.
Freudian Slip
This type of personality is often perceived as a loner
Introvert
In this famous experiment, children imitated aggressive behaviour after watching adults act violently toward a toy.
Bobo Doll Experiment
A teenager cleans their room so their parent will stop nagging them. Because the nagging goes away, they are more likely to clean next time.
Negative reinforcement
This first stage focuses on the mouth, and infants find pleasure through sucking and biting.
Oral stage
This term refers to Jung’s inherited, universal symbols such as the Hero or the Shadow.
Archetypes
Bandura believed that learning can happen without doing the behaviour yourself—just by watching. He called this type of learning:
observational learning
This experiment by Loftus showed how easily false memories can be implanted, including a memory of being separated from family in a store.
Lost in the Mall
A child hits their sibling, and their parent gives them a time-out. The child’s hitting decreases afterwards.
Punishment
These unconscious strategies protect us from anxiety or unacceptable thoughts.
Defense mechanisms
This is the name of Jung’s personality theory, emphasizing introversion/extraversion and universal archetypes.
Analytical Psychology
According to the Big 5 theory, this personality is friendly and helpful
Agreeableness
Aaron Stern used flash cards and this type of music to stimulate his daughter in what is known as:
Edith Experiment
A dog stops begging at the table after the family stops giving it scraps every night. The behaviour slowly disappears.
Extinction
This defense mechanism involves pushing painful memories out of awareness.
Repression
Skinner’s experiment showed that behaviours can be increased or decreased depending on this type of consequence.
Operant Conditioning
Hans Eysenck believed there were two dimensions to personality. These dimensions included:
introversion, extraversion, neuroticism and stability
Children raised in Romanian orphanages often showed delays in this area of development, including difficulty forming close relationships.
What is attachment
A driver fastens their seatbelt to stop the annoying beeping sound in the car. They buckle up more quickly in the future.
Negative reinforcement
In this stage, children experience the Oedipus/Electra complex.
phallic
The stimulus that automatically triggers a natural, unlearned response.
Unconditioned stimulus
The statistical technique that identifies patterns of related test items is known as
Factor analysis
Mary Ainsworth is best known for developing this observational procedure to study infant-caregiver attachment.
Strange Situation Experiment
A person who is authentic, accepting, creative, and driven by meaning is showing traits of this stage.
Self actualized