Encoding/Storage
Your friend gives you a Wi-Fi password, and you repeat it over and over to remember it. What type of rehearsal are you using?
Maintenance Rehearsal
A student takes a multiple-choice test and easily picks out the correct answers. Later, when asked to write down the same information without answer choices, they struggle. What two types of retrieval are being tested?
Recognition (multiple-choice) & Recall (free response)
Nate continues to believe in their stance that the earth is flat exist despite overwhelming scientific and photographic evidence against it. What cognitive bias/trap is she demonstrating?
Belief Perseverance
After seeing a shark attack on TV, you believe shark attacks are more common than they actually are. What heuristic is this?
Availability heuristic
What term describes general intelligence that underlies all mental abilities?
g-factor
Mr Bannon suffers brain damage and cannot form new memories but remembers his past. What kind of amnesia does he have?
Anterograde amnesia
What common everyday action has been scientifically proven to boost mood, even if you’re not actually happy?
Smiling (facial feedback hypothesis)
People often have vivid, detailed memories of shocking or emotional events, such as where they were during a major historical tragedy. This type of memory is known as this.
Flashbulb memory
Grouping information into meaningful units to enhance memory.
Chunking
A hiker sets out on a trail without checking the weather or packing extra supplies, convinced that they will easily finish before dark. Hours later, they get lost in a storm with no flashlight or food. What bias led to this poor decision, and why?
Overconfidence bias – The hiker overestimated their abilities and underestimated potential risks, leading to poor preparation.
Drew insists LeBron is the GOAT of the NBA and only reads articles that support his view, ignoring anything favoring MJ or other players. What bias is at play?
Confirmation Bias
Tired of his students getting low IQ scores, Mr. Bannon designed a new IQ test that always gives a 130—no matter how smart they are. It’s super consistent, but what’s it missing?
Validity-
although it has very high test-retest reliability...
One student brainstorms multiple ways to use a brick, including as a paperweight, a doorstop, and an art piece. What kind of thinking are they using, convergent or divergent?
Divergent thinking (multiple uses for the brick) & Convergent thinking (solving the math problem with a single correct answer).
What color has been shown to make people feel hungrier, which is why many fast-food chains use it in their logos?
Red
A student remembers more psychology terms while sitting in their usual classroom than in a different environment. What principle explains this?
Context-dependent memory
A student struggles to remember the Great Lakes, but after learning the acronym "HOMES" (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior), they recall them easily. What memory strategy are they using?
Mnemonic Devices
A shopper believes a name-brand product is better than the store brand despite identical ingredients. What cognitive bias might they be experiencing?
Representativeness heuristic- The shopper assumes the name-brand product is better because it fits their prototype of a "higher-quality" product, even though objective ingredients are the same.
You believe you “knew it all along” after seeing the correct answer to a test question. What bias is this?
Hindsight bias
This type of intelligence, which tends to increase with age, involves accumulated knowledge, facts, and vocabulary.
Crystallized intelligence
Jordan is in a car accident and cannot remember events from before the crash. What type of amnesia is this?
Retrograde Amnesia
Who is Mr Bannon's favorite Musical Artist?
Favorite is Quinn XCII
Favorite that you probably know is the Beatles
A person remembers learning to ride a bike but cannot recall the exact lesson. What type of memory is involved?
Procedural memory
A witness describes a car accident but later changes their memory after hearing someone else's version of events. What effect is this?
Misinformation effect
Shanti doesn't think to use a screwdriver to open a paint can because they only think to use it to loosen/tighten screws. What is this called? (Thinking outside the box)
Functional Fixedness
Joseph aces a test and says it’s because he studied hard. But when he failed the next one, he blamed the tricky questions. What bias is at play?
Self-serving bias
Over the past century, IQ scores have mysteriously risen worldwide. Scientists debate why, but what is this effect called?
Flynn effect
A student sees a flash of an image on a screen but forgets it almost instantly. Another student hears a brief sound and remembers it for a few seconds before it fades. What type of memory is being demonstrated, and how long does it last?
Sensory memory
– Iconic memory (visual) lasts ~0.5 seconds,
-Echoic memory (auditory) lasts ~3-4 seconds.
Who did the New England Patriots beat in their first ever Super Bowl win?
The St Louis Rams
A teacher gives students a list of 20 words. One student rewrites them in sentences, while another repeats them over and over again silently. Who will recall more, and why?
The first student; elaborative rehearsal improves recall.
A student studies all night before a test and another studies in small chunks over a week. Who will likely remember more, and why?
The second student because of the spacing effect/ distributed rehearsal
You continue using the same method to solve a math problem even though a different approach would be more efficient. What is this an example of?
Mental Set
Demi avoids difficult assignments so they can later claim they didn’t try rather than admit failure. What bias is this?
Self-handicapping
A student takes an IQ test to assess their potential for future success, while another student takes a final exam to measure what they have learned in a course. What type of test is each, and how do they differ?
IQ test = Aptitude test (predicts future performance).
Final exam = Achievement test (measures learned knowledge).
Gavin memorized a list of vocabulary words a month ago but never reviewed them. When tested today, he can only recall a few words. What explains his forgetting?
Decay or Decay Theory
What first name is most common among teachers at Holy Cross
Sean