Memory Basics
Memory Storage and Forgetting
Intelligence Basics
Testing and Data
Grab-Bag
100

The process of retaining encoded information over time.

Storage

100

A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test.

Recall

100

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

Emotional Intelligence

100

A test designed to assess what a person has learned.

Achievement Test

100

A condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Down Syndrome

200

Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.

Effortful Processing

200

A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.

Flashbulb Memory

200

Howard Gardner proposed a theory that there are this many intelligences.

Eight

200

A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life. (Formerly referred to as mental retardation.)

Intellectual Disability

200

Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood.

Fluid Intelligence

300

A newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory.

Working Memory

300

An inability to form new memories.

Anterograde Amnesia

300

A general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

General Intelligence (g)

300

Lewis Terman worked at this University, where he created one of the first intelligence tests (based off of Binet).

Stanford

300

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.

Validity

400

Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices.

Mnemonics

400

Incorporating misleading information into one’s memory of an event.

Misinformation Effect

400

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

Savant Syndrome

400

The most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.

The WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale)

400

What was the original formula for IQ?

IQ = mental age / chronological age x 100

500

This model proposes a three-stage process of memory, including Sensory Memory, Short-Term Memory, and Long-Term Memory.

Atkinsin-Shiffrin Model -OR- Multi-Store Model -OR- Modal Model

500

This psychologist developed the Forgetting Curve, which illustrates that we forget a good chunk of information quickly, and then retention levels off over time.

Herman Ebbinghaus

500

This psychologist created a triarchic model of intelligence, including the sections of Analytical Intelligence, Creative Intelligence, and Practical Intelligence.

Robert Sternberg

500

This term is used to describe the observed phenomenon of dramatically rising IQ scores over the last century.

The Flynn Effect

500

Approximately what percent of human beings would score between an 85 and a 115 on an intelligence test?

68%