A methodical, logical, rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem.
What is an Algorithm?
100
All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
What is Cognition?
100
The inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an impediment to problem solving.
What is Fixation?
100
A sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem.
What is Insight?
100
The stage in speech development from about age 1 to 2 during which a child speaks mostly in single words.
What is One Word Stage?
200
A sub discipline of computer science that attempts to simulate human thinking.
What is Artificial Intelligence?
200
Computer circuits that mimic the brain's interconnected neural cells, performing tasks such as learning to recognize visual patterns and smells.
What is Computer Neutral Networks?
200
The way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments.
What is Framing?
200
Our spoken, written, or signed, words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning.
What is Language?
200
The tendency to be more confident that correct--to overestimate the accuracy of one's beliefs and judgments.
What is Overconfidence?
300
Beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language.
What is Babbling Stage?
300
A mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people.
What is Concept?
300
The tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions.
What is Functional Fixedness?
300
Whorf's hypothesis is that language determines the way we think.
What is Linguistic Determination?
300
In a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit.
What is Phoneme?
400
The tendency for one's preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning, sometimes by making invalid conclusions seem valid, or valid conclusions seem invalid.
What is Belief Bias?
400
A tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions.
What is Confirmation Bias?
400
In a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with with and understand others.
What is Grammar?
400
A tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past.
What is Mental Set?
400
The set rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning.
What is Semantics?
500
Clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited.
What is Belief Perseverance?
500
The inability to see a problem from a new perspective; confirms one's preconceptions.
What is Confirmation Bias?
500
A simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms.
What is Heuristic?
500
In a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word.
What is Morpheme?
500
Early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram--"go car"-- using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting "auxiliary" words.