-isms
Begins with the belief that something besides God is responsible
Naturalism
An anatomist who popularized the science of phrenology
Dr. Franz Gall
Name the four humors
blood, yellow bile, black bile, phlegm
Discovered that nerves travel from the brain to various organs
Dr. Charles Bell
Proposed theory on human personality types
Hippocrates
Belief that we can use deductive reasoning to know things with certainty
Rationalism
An empiricist who wanted to establish psychology as a science, aka the father of modern science
Francis Bacon
Describes a set of principles for living a fulfilled life
Humanism
He coined the phrase structuralism and wrote the first guide for conducting psychological research
Edward B. Titchener
The father of American Psychology
William James
Belief that repeated observations lead to discovery of the natural laws of nature leads to scientific method
Empiricism
An evolutionist who applied evolution principles to the development of mental processes
Herbert Spencer
emphasizes the way we acquire and process information
cognitive psychology
He explained theories of mental processes in terms of evolution
Charles Darwin
The father of rationalism, formed the philosophy of deductive reasoning to mental illness
Renee Descartes
The study of the structure of mental processes
Structuralism
Developed hypnosis as a cure for some mental illnesses
Franz Mesmer
a humanistic worldview focused on helping women achieve self actualization
Feminism
He is believed to be the real father of modern scientific psychology, first to apply scientific procedures
Gustav Fechner
An atheist who developed theories were an alternative to the theistic belifs
Sigmund Freud
Belief that behavior evolved to serve a purpose or function of survival and reproductive advantage
Functionalism
Developed the 1st psychological laboratory, interested in the study of the consciousness
Wilhelm Wundt
self-psychology
He is the first to measure the speed of nerve impulses and extensively study vision and hearing
Herman von Helmholtz
two seemingly opposing statements that are true
paradoxically