Phobias
Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning
What is Mowrer's Two-Factor Theory?
A panic attack has to be recurrent and ____ in order to be considered for Panic Disorder
What is unexpected?
Feeling disconnected from your own body
What is depersonalization?
The most common type of obsession
What are unacceptable thoughts of aggression, sexuality, or immorality?
First-line treatment for Anxiety Disorders
What is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy?
If a person has a phobia of heights or storms, this pertains to a Specific Phobia specifier of...
What is the Natural Environment?
Heart rate increase, heart palpitations, sweating, trembling, shaking, shortness of breath
What are examples of physiological responses of having a panic attack?
Avoiding internal (e.g., thoughts) or external (e.g., places) reminders of trauma
What is the Avoidance Cluster (of Symptoms) for PTSD?
Recurrent, unwanted intrusive thoughts, urges, or images that cause distress
What are obsessions?
The most effective treatment for GAD
What is CBT+ SSRIs/SNRIs?
The "B" specifier for Specific Phobia
What is Blood-Injection-Injury?
Beliefs about the human body can affect ways that different cultural groups experience/interpret bodily symptoms
What is Ethnopsychology/Ethnophysiology?
What is the Dose Response Effect?
Compulsions can be explained by operant conditioning, in which the compulsions are used because they are ___ reinforcing
What is negatively?
The most common type of CBT treatment for OCD
What is Exposure and Response Prevention Treatment?
When there is more "competition" (neutral/positive events), you may be able to get past fear and stop avoiding feared situations
By worrying, a person stays in a constant level of anxiety and avoids sharp increases in anxiety
When the ___ is smaller (which is common in those with PTSD), this may relate to memory issues
What is the hippocampus?
An ___ brain circuit is involved in acting on urges in OCD
What is overactive?
True or False: CBT reduces negative reinforcement and avoidance
What is TRUE?
Biological risk factor for Phobias; When the amygdala is OVERresponsive to threat
What is an overactive limbic system?
The avoidance of situations that trigger/are perceived to trigger physical sensations associated with panic attacks
What is Interoceptive Avoidance?
When fight/flight are impossible, the body self-protects by dissociating; this is called...
What is the Biological "Freeze" Response?
Can lead to sudden onset of OCD, may be due to effects on the basal ganglia
What is strep infection in kids?
This type of medication increases GABA activity/calming response; Produces temporary relief but symptoms often REMAIN
What are benzodiazepines?