Trauma-related disorders
What are the differences between ASD and PTSD?
When symptoms begin, How long the symptoms last, Whether some or all change areas must have symptomology
Describe adjustment disorder - what are notable aspects of this disorder?
Characterized by maladaptive reaction to distressing life event; must not meet full criteria for any other dx; change but not necessarily impairment to functioning
How do we determine "non-typical eating"?
EER, daily caloric intake, individual change in eating bx...
Give an example of an event that would NOT be considered a trauma, and why?
Anything that doesn't involve life/death and/or severe interpersonal violence
1x per week for 3 months
Give 3 examples of events or situations that could lead to a trauma-related disorder
Interpersonal violence, war, natural disasters, terrorism, sexual assault...
Symptoms of adjustment disorder must be apparent within ______ of the onset of the stressor
3 months
What is a compensatory behavior? (not an example - define it)
Bx that is directly in response to binging, done with intention to prevent weight gain
Give 1 example of a psychological cause or risk factor of a trauma-related disorder
Anxiety, fatalistic view, self-blaming, conditioning, hostility, pessimism...
What is the max BMI cutoff point for someone to be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa?
None - mild specifier > 17 BMI
What is an example of an intrusion symptom?
Flashbacks, intrusive memories, dreams/nightmares...
What are the three categories of stressors, and give an example of a stressor in each category
Catastrophe, significant life change, daily hassle
Give one example of a cognitive symptom of ED
Cognitive: perceived ability to control the body, self-esteem, negative self talk, self-worth tied to appearance
Diagnosis of prolonged grief disorder requires the death to have occurred at least how long ago?
12 months
Give 2 ways that eating disorders and disordered eating differs
severity, longevity, mortality, prevalence
Give an example of a symptom for (1) negative change in cognition, and (2) negative change in mood
Cognition: negative self-talk, blame, dissociative amnesia, negative beliefs about the world. Mood: inability to experience positive emotions, persistent negative mood, diminished emotional expression/experience
Name the three steps in the stress appraisal model, and define each step
Stressor: the event itself; Stress: process by which we appraise stress; Stress reaction: response based on appraisal of threat or challenge
Give 2 examples of compensatory behaviors
exercise, vomiting, laxative use, insulin, fasting, enemas, diuretics
Difficulty sleeping and difficulty concentrating are both symptoms under which change category?
Altered states of arousal or reactivity
To be considered a binge, one must (1) eat an objectively large amount of food in a set amount of time, and (2) ????
experience lack of control over eating during the binge (Criteria A)
Give an example of a symptom for (1) altered state of arousal, and (2) altered state of reactivity
Arousal: difficulty concentrating, sleep disturbance. Reactivity: irritability, hypervigilance, reckless bx, exaggerated startle response
Student taking exam: Give an example of a cognitive response to an appraisal as a threat, and an appraisal as a challenge
Threat: "You're never going to pass this exam". Challenge: "I have studied hard for this and I am capable of scoring well on the exam"
What is one example of a cultural consideration to make before diagnosing someone with ED?
Poverty, low SES, neglect or abuse, age, gender...
Research suggests that trauma can change this area of the brain, primarily responsible for learning and memory
Hippocampus
What are the three ways we can determine if someone is experiencing AN binge/purge subtype, or BN?
Their body weight (sig low v. typical), a change in weight (weight loss v. no change), and eating habits outside of binging (dietary restriction)