General
What is psychosis
Schizophrenia is typically diagnosed between what ages?
Late adolescence or early twenties
16-30 years of age
If you suspect someone is experiencing psychosis, how should you approach them?
...Carefully....
Use verbal strategies
Avoid judgements
Listen
Use calm/neutral voice
Remain relaxed/calm
Keeping your hands in front of your body
Tell them step by step what you will be doing
Keep proper distance for for safety
Scan the environment
T/F Most people with psychosis are violent
False.
They are more likely to harm themselves than act out violently towards others
Can psychosis go away on its own?
Trick question!
If the psychosis is a one-time event, such as with brief psychotic disorder, or substance-induced psychotic break, it may go away on its own.
However, if the psychosis is a result of an underlying mental health disorder, it is unlikely the psychosis will go away naturally.
______________ schizophrenics are most likely to harm others due to their severe paranoia and fear that they must protect themselves
Paranoid
This category of psychosis symptoms are typically responsive to medication intervention
Positive Symptoms: Delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganized Speech, Disorganized Behavior
__________ (drug) is involved in approximately 50% of psychosis, schizophrenia, and schizophreniform psychosis cases.
Cannabis is involved in approximately 50% of psychosis, schizophrenia, and schizophreniform psychosis cases.
Shrivastava A, Johnston M, Terpstra K, Bureau Y. Cannabis and psychosis: Neurobiology. Indian J Psychiatry. 2014 Jan;56(1):8-16. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.124708. PMID: 24574553; PMCID: PMC3927252.
The definition of a delusion
Fixed beliefs that are not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence
What are 2 (out of 4) of the negative symptoms of Schizophrenia
Restricted Affect
Avolition
Social Withdrawal/Asociality
Inattention to Activities of Daily Living
What are two of the most common mistakes during de-escalation
1. Not listening
2. Not staying calm
Richmond JS, Berlin JS, Fishkind AB, Holloman GH Jr, Zeller SL, Wilson MP, Rifai MA, Ng AT. Verbal De-escalation of the Agitated Patient: Consensus Statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project BETA De-escalation Workgroup. West J Emerg Med. 2012 Feb;13(1):17-25. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2011.9.6864. PMID: 22461917; PMCID: PMC3298202.
What was Schizophrenia originally called?
Dementia Praecox (Early Dementia)
The first, formal description of schizophrenia as a mental illness was made in 1887 by Dr. Emile Kraepelin. He used the term "dementia praecox" to describe the symptoms now known as schizophrenia.
The 5 types of hallucinations
1. Visual (See)
2. Olfactory (Smell)
3. Gustatory (Taste)
4. Auditory (Hear)
5. Tactile (Touch)
A Schizophrenic will have at least one of the three criteria to be diagnosed with Schizophrenia (according to the DSM V). Name all three criteria.
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized Speech
When was the Memphis Model of the Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) program developed?
1988
Dr. Randolph Dupont and Major Sam Cochran of the University of Tennessee, Memphis, and the Memphis Police Department, respectively, developed CIT in 1988 as a local effort to bring together law enforcement personnel, mental health professionals, and advocates.
_____ out of _______ people will experience psychosis in their lifetime
3 out of every 100 people will experience psychosis in their lifetime
WHO - World Health Organization (2022)