Multiple & Statused Identities
Define Acculturation
(assimilation) – adaptation of cultural values to that of the majority, dominant culture
What are the 3 components of Multi-Cultural Competence?
1. Awareness of one's own assumptions, values and biases
2. Knowledge of client's worldview/perspective
3. Developing skills and techniques to work with people who are different than yourself
Define Internalized Racism
“..the process by which persons of color absorb the racist messages that are omnipresent in our society and internalize them.” (Kohli, 2013; Pyke, 2010)
Define Resilience
The personal and communal qualities that enable persons to cope with adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, and other stresses
What do the letters stand for in LGBTQIA+?
Lesbian
Gay
Bisexual
Transgender
Queer/Questioning
Intersex
Asexual
Define Enculturation
(traditionality) – preservation of traditional cultural values
“brief and commonplace daily verbal or behavioral indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights and insults that potentially have a harmful or unpleasant psychological impact on the target person or group” (Sue, Bucceri, Lin, Nadal, & Torino, 2007)
Define Ethnocentric Monoculturalism
belief in the superiority of one group’s cultural heritage—its language, traditions, arts‐crafts, and ways of behaving (White) over all others
belief in the inferiority of all other lifestyles (non‐White); and
the power to impose such standards on to the less powerful group
(Sue & Sue, 2019)
Define Religion
The institutional aspect of spirituality, usually defined by systems of beliefs and practices as held by a community or social group
What is code-switching?
Code-switching, in a broad sense, involves adjusting one's language, mannerisms, or appearance to fit a specific context or audience, often to optimize comfort or achieve a desired outcome. It can involve switching between languages, dialects, accents, or even adopting different behaviors. (Encyclopaedia Britannica, n.d.)
What are the 3 levels in the "Tripartite Development of Personal Identity"?
Individual, Group and Universal
Describe key aspects of cultural humility
(a) intentionally self-reflect and make a consistent effort to reduce their limitations and biases
(b) focus on learning from their clients’ cultural backgrounds and experiences
(c) search for opportunities to build respectful, mutual partnerships with their clients, and
(d) are motivated throughout their lives to learn more about cultural beliefs
Define an "unintentional racist"?
“they are unaware of their biases, prejudices, and discriminatory behaviors;
they often perceive themselves as moral, good, and decent human beings and find it difficult to see themselves as racist;
they do not have a sense of what their Whiteness means to them; and
their therapeutic approaches to multicultural populations are likely to be more harmful (unintentionally) than helpful.”
(Sue & Sue, 2019)
Define Spirituality
A dimension of human experience related to the transcendent, the sacred, or to ultimate reality. Closely related to values, meaning, and purpose
List the strengths of working with the Latinx population
Family and Interpersonal Relationships
Religion & Spirituality
Prayer as a resource
“Ayudate, que Dios te ayudara”
Loyalty & Unity
Cooperation
Describe the differences between the A, B, C Dimensions of Personal Identity
A - statuses like age, race, gender, culture, sexual orientation, etc.
B - individual achievements such as education, job, income level, marital status, citizenship, etc.
C - historical events that affect a person's life/future such as socio-political issues and historical or economic contexts
What are the 3 types of Microaggressions?
Micro-Assault
Micro-Insult
Micro-Invalidation
List the 5 levels of development in the R/CID model
Conformity
Dissonance
Resistance and Immersion
Introspection
Integrative Awareness
What is "Moral Tradition"?
A system of moral reasoning and practice, akin to a
worldview, connected to principles of spiritual and religious traditions, yet often viewed secularly, philosophically as ethical behavior
What is the "one drop rule"? (aka - "hypodescent")
“a class-based social system that maintains the myth of monoracialism by assigning a person of mixed racial heritage to the least desirable status.” (Sue & Sue, 2022)
List the types of statues identities a person may possess using the ADDRESSING model
A - Age/Generation
D - Disability Status (developmental)
D - Disability Status (acquired)
R - Religion or Spiritual Orientation
E - Ethnicity
S - Socioeconomic Status
S - Sexual Orientation
I - Indigenous Heritage
N - National Origin
G - Gender
List the 4 goals of Micro-Interventions
Make the “invisible” visible
Disarm the Microaggresion
Educate the Perpetrator
Seek External Reinforcement or Support
List the 7 levels of identity development from the WRID model
1. Naiveté
2. Conformity
3. Dissonance
4. Resistance and Immersion
5. Introspection
6. Integrative Awareness
7. Commitment to Anti-Racist Action
What is "spiritual bypassing"
"'avoidance in holy drag,' or the use of spiritual practices and beliefs to 'transcend or deny problems rather than understand them." (Stone, 326)
Define Historical, Collective or Intergenerational Trauma
This trauma is characterized by psychological or emotional difficulties which can affect different communities, cultural groups and generations. Adaptive coping patterns can be passed intergenerationally.