Name Them All
Name all of Piagets Stages in order WITH ages. Give one defining feature/example for each stage.
Sensorimotor (0-2y/o) Object Permance
Preoperational (2-7 y/o) Egocentricism, pretend play, imagination
Concrete Operational (7-11) Conservation & Math Skiils
Formal Operational: 12+ Abstract thinking, hypotheticals, future
A student repeatedly checks if the stove is off despite knowing it is off and feels temporary relief after checking.
What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?
This theorist proposed hierarchy of needs. Name the theorist AND list the levels from lowest to highest.
Who is Abraham Maslow? What are physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-actualization?
Rejecting a true null hypothesis is this type of error. State the error name AND a real example
What is Type I error / false positive; e.g condluding a drug works when it does not?
Movement up or down the social hierarchy within 2+ generations.
What is intergenerational mobility?
Name all 5 major personality traits in the Big Five model AND give one example behavior for each high trait.
What are: openness (curious/creative), conscientiousness (organized/reliable), extraversion (shy/assertive), agreeableness (skeptic/compassionate), neuroticism (emotionally reactive/stable)?
A student is socially withdrawn, has flattened affect, minimal speech, poor motivation, and neglects hygiene. They also occasionally report hearing voices. Name the disorder AND classify one positive and one negative symptom.
What is schizophrenia? Positive symptom = hallucinations/delusions/disorganized speech; Negative symptom = flat affect, lack of motivation (avolition), alogia (decrease in speaking)anhed, anhedonia (reduced ability to experience pleasure in previously enjoyed activities)?
Match theorist to concept: collective unconscious, archetypes, introversion/extraversion.
Who is Carl Jung?
Participants improve behavior because they know they are observed. Name the effect
Hawthorne Effect
Stress from competing demands of one status versus multiple statuses
What are role strain (one status) and role conflict (multiple statuses)?
Name Freud's 3 structures of personality, the principle linked to each, AND one example of each in behavior.
What are id(base desire), ego (practical compromise/mediator), & superego (ideal standards/angel on the shoulder)
A veteran experiences flashbacks, hypervigilance, nightmares, and avoids reminders for months after combat exposure. What disorder it is?
What is post-traumatic stress disorder?
This theorist developed social learning theory and the Bobo doll experiment. Name the theorist AND the 4 observational learning processes.
Who is Albert Bandura? What are attention (notice model behavior), retention (remember behavior), reproduction (ability to perform behavior), motivation (reason/incentive to imitate)?
Researchers unconsciously influence participants because they know the hypothesis. Name the bias and one fix.
What is observer expectancy bias; fix = blinding/double-blind/standardization?
A person modifies speech, dress, or behavior depending on audience and setting. Name the sociolinguistic concept.
What is code-switching?
Name the 4 parenting styles, describe warmth/control for each, AND state which is generally linked to best outcomes.
What are authoritarian (low warmth/high control), authoritative (high warmth/high control), permissive (high warmth/low control), neglectful (low warmth/low control); authoritative is best overall?
A person has unstable relationships, fear of abandonment, impulsivity, self-harm, and shifting identity.
What is borderline personality disorder
This sociologist is linked to dramaturgy, front stage/back stage behavior, and impression management. For extra points, define the previously mentioned theories.
Who is Erving Goffman? Front stage = how you present to public (public performance for audience), Back stage = private self/preparation, Impression management = controlling how others perceive you, Dramaturgy = social life as theatrical performance
What is the difference between reliability and validity?
What is reliability is consistency & validity is accuracy
Name one macro-level and micro-level theory and define both.
too lazy to type. i trust yall got it
Name all of Freud's defense mechanisms commonly tested on the MCAT (at least 8) AND define each briefly.
What are repression (unconscious blocking), suppression (conscious avoidance), projection (attribute feelings to others), displacement (redirect to safer target), reaction formation (opposite behavior), regression (return to earlier stage), sublimation (channel into acceptable outlet), rationalization (justify behavior), denial (refuse reality), identification (adopt traits of another)?
A patient intentionally falsifies symptoms, eagerly undergoes procedures, and seeks the sick role without obvious external reward. Another patient fakes symptoms only to obtain money from a lawsuit. Name BOTH disorders.
Name BOTH disorders. Answer: What are factitious disorder (Munchausen syndrome) and malingering?
Name the theorist associated with each concept AND define each in depth: latent functions, looking-glass self, zone of proximal development.
Who are Robert K. Merton, Charles Horton Cooley, Lev Vygotsky? Latent functions = unintended consequences of institutions, Looking-glass self = self-concept shaped by imagined judgments of others, Zone of proximal development = tasks achievable with guidance but not yet independently mastered?
A researcher randomly assigns students to two classrooms. Group A is falsely told they are cognitively gifted. Teachers unknowingly give them more encouragement, call on them more often, and provide richer feedback. Months later, Group A performs better. Meanwhile, several students underperform after being reminded of a negative stereotype about their social group before testing. Name FOUR distinct MCAT psych/soc concepts or theorists that explain these outcomes AND define each.
What are the Pygmalion effect (expectations improve outcomes), self-fulfilling prophecy (beliefs influence behaviors that make belief come true), observer expectancy effect / Rosenthal effect (researcher or teacher expectations alter participant behavior), stereotype threat (fear of confirming stereotype harms performance), social identity theory (group identity influences behavior), symbolic interactionism (meanings/social labels shape interaction), labeling theory (labels alter self-concept/behavior)? Any four with accurate definitions.
This sociologist introduced the concepts of cultural capital. Who is it and what is culture capital?
Who is Pierre Bourdieu? Cultural capital = non-financial assets such as education, tastes, language, credentials, and norms that help social mobility?