Week 6: Traction & STM
Week 7: K-taping and E-stim
Week 8: TENS & IFC
Week 9: NMES & Biofeedback
Week 10: Inoto, HVPC, + more
100
Your patient weighs 220lb, what is the poundage setting you should use to treat lumbar facet dysfunction for their 3rd treatment with traction?
Answer: 110lb (50%)
Resource: Physio-u
100
Your patient presents with knee swelling status post meniscus repair, what type of kinesio tape technique would you use?
Answer: Fan technique
Resource: Physio-u
100
Upon assessment of your patient prior to e-stim use you notice that they are slightly confused, relating to their medical history of dementia. Why is e-stim a precaution for this patient?
Answer: They may not understand the level of intensity required if motor responses are desired, which could result in agitation
Resource: Beherns pg 479
100
Name an indication for use of a high gain setting with biofeedback.
Answer: turning muscles “off” that are hyperactive, keep muscles “off” that are compensating during movements
Resource: Physio-u
100
Which medication with a negative polarity will most likely be prescribed with iontophoresis for management of lateral epicondylitis symptoms?
Answer: Dexamethasone, Salicylate
200
What adverse effect could happen if we increase the poundage in traction beyond the recommended settings?
Answer: Muscle guarding
Resource: Beherns pg 174
200
The treatment plan indicates to use kinesio taping to inhibit an overactive gastrocnemius. How would the PTA apply the tape, considering tape direction and stretch?
Answer: Insertion to origin with 10% stretch; dorsiflexion and knee extension during application
Resource: Physio-u
200
Name the pulse frequency, pulse duration, and sensation needed to activate the endogenous opiate system with TENS.
Answer: 200-300 us, 1-10 pps, muscle twitch
Resource: Beherns pg 400
200
Name an indication for use of a low gain setting with biofeedback.
Answer: Desired muscle activation
Resource: Physio-u
200
Which electrode should be placed at the site of injury when the patient has swelling, and why?
Answer: Negative electrode since it will repel the negatively charged plasma
Resource: A&R video
300
Your patient weighs 250lb, what is the initial poundage used in treating lumbar muscle spasm?
Answer: 30-45 lb
Resource: Physio-u
300
The treatment plan indicates use of kinesio taping to facilitate dorsiflexion during gait training. How would the PTA apply the tape, considering tape direction and stretch?
Answer: Origin to insertion with 25-50% stretch, foot in plantarflexion during application
Resource: Physio-u
300
Which type of e-stim will provide the BEST and longest lasting pain relief for a meniscus injury?
Answer: Low-rate Interferential current
Resource: Beherns pg 433
300
The treatment plan indicates neuromuscular electrical stimulation for swelling management status post R femoral ORIF 2 weeks ago. MD orders indicate WBAT. What setting would be most appropriate?
Answer: 35-80 pps, 200-300 µs, 1:1 duty cycle, for 20 minutes
Resource: Resource: Beherns pg 344
300
Daily double: (1) Which modalities are contraindicated with a patient that has Raynaud’s? (2) What modalities can be used in its substitution?
Answer: (1) Cryotherapy (2) Depends… what pathology and symptom are we treating?
Resource: Beherns pg 466
400
You are performing cross friction massage to your patient’s healed achilles tendon repair surgery scar. What are the specifics of the technique that need to be considered and why?
Answer: Dorsiflexion (stretched tissue), medial-lateral (perpendicular) strokes, 2-3 strokes/second, 5-20 minutes. Why - improper technique will not address the adhesions and tissues will remain tight
Resource: Beherns pg 238
400
Daily double: (1) What type of current is seen in the photo? (2) Which types of e-stim use this type of current?
Answer: (1) pulsed biphasic (symmetrical/balanced) current (2) TENS & NMES (FES)
Resource: Beherns pg 278
400
Why is obesity a precaution for electrical stimulation?
Answer: May not be tolerated well; increased levels of intensity are required because adipose is a poor conductor.
Resource: Beherns pg 481
400
Why is biofeedback contraindicated with a recent fracture in the area?
Answer: Contraction of muscles could disrupt the healing process
Resource: Physio-u
400
Which modalities can be used to increase passive range of motion?
Answer: STM, Thermotherapy, continuous ultrasound, (TENS/IFC if limited by pain and not tissue elasticity)
Resource: The entire book
500
Why is a hiatal hernia a contraindication for lumbar traction?
Answer: Pressure from the harness increases abdominal pressure.
Resource: Beherns pg 473
500
In what order are nerves stimulated as amplitude increases with e-stim?
Answer: A-beta, motor, A-delta, C-fibers, Denervated muscles
Resource: Beherns pg 282
500
Explain the type of current used in IFC, including the current felt by the patient.
Answer: 2 medium frequency currents interfere with each other and result in a beat frequency, which is felt by the patient
Resource: Beherns pg 433
500
Why is an electrical implant contraindicated with use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation?
Answer: Current may interfere with the function of implanted devices.
Resource: Beherns pg 481
500
Which modalities can be used to decrease pain?
Answer: Basically all of them, some depending on how you use them. Biofeedback? STM?
Resource: The entire book