Show:
MSM
Working Memory Model
Emotion and Cognition
Fear Conditioning
100
What are the names of the three stores in the MSM?
sensory store, short-term store, long-term store
100
Was the working memory model proposed before or after the MSM?
After
100
What hormone is released during stress (and what given to participants in Buchanan and Lovallo's study)?
Cortisol
100

What was the neutral stimulus in the Baby Albert experiments?

A white rat

200
What are two studies that support the MSM?
HM's case study and Peterson and Peterson's study on trigrams.
200
What part of the WMM did Alan Baddeley (on of the creators) call "the little man in the head?"
Central executive
200
What were the results of Buchanan and Lovallo's experiment?
The group that took cortisol had more recognition of emotional information one week later than the placebo group.
200

Give two examples of aversive stimuli that were discussed in class or in your textbook.

Loud noise, pain, electric shock

300
What are the three control processes that control the flow of information between the stores?
Attention, Rehearsal (Transfer), and Retrieval
300
What are the three slave systems?
Episodic buffer, phological loop, visuospatial sketchpad
300

The relationship between cortisol and lower volume in the hippocampus shows bidirectional ambiguity.

Write two statements to describe the causal relationships between stress and memory that could be possible.

1) Stress (higher cortisol) causes lower volume in the hippocampus, which impairs memory formation

2) Lower volume in the hippocampus impairs memory formation, which increases a person's stress (cortisol levels)

300

What three body parts make up the system known as the HPA axis?

hypothalamus, adrenal glands, and pituitary gland

400
What are the capacities and durations of the three stores?
Sensory = unlimited capacity, few second duration Short term = limited capacity(4, or 7+-2) , 20-30 seconds duration Long term = unlimited capacity, potential lifetime duration
400
How is Klingberg's study on children and computer games related to working memory?
It shows that working memory capacity can be improved with training and this improvement could reduce attention-related behaviours associated with ADHD.
400

Why could cortisol's effects on memory be an evolutionary adaptation?

It could be beneficial for survival to remember highly emotional information, like places that are dangerous or where to find food.

400

Why might people with PTSD experience elevated levels of cortisol for a long period of time?

One reason is if they have a conditioned fear response then this conditioning might trigger their stress response frequently, resulting in cortisol being frequently released.

500
How does Peterson and Peterson's study support the MSM?
It shows that the duration of the STS is only about 18 seconds long.
500
How does Robbin's et al.'s chess study support the WMM?
It shows evidence for the fact there are two different systems that process different types of information: verbal and visual.
500

Why could cortisol's effects on memory be an evolutionary disadvantage?

False or inflated fear responses as a result of memories of highly emotional information (PTSD) can interfere with daily life and functioning. 

500

What is the name of Ms. Neil's dragon?

Trogdor

(bonus points if you remembered his full name Trogdor the Burninator)