Criminal Law
The physical act of committing a crime is known by this Latin term.
What is actus reus?
This belief level is based only on a hunch.
What is mere suspicion?
This Act governs rules of the road in Manitoba.
What is the Highway Traffic Act?
Your notes must be accurate, clear, and avoid this type of evidence.
What is hearsay?
The acronym IDM stands for this.
What is Investigative Decision-Making?
This federal statute allows a peace officer to arrest without a warrant.
What is Section 495 of the Criminal Code?
“A set of facts that would cause a reasonable person to believe…” defines this. - Belief level needed to conduct a lawful arrest.
What is reasonable grounds?
Under Manitoba’s Highway Traffic Act, a peace officer can seize and impound a vehicle without a warrant if they reasonably believe it was used in the commission of this type of offence.
What is a prostitution-related offence?
The Ten Code for “Out of service.”
What is 10-7?
The first officer’s top priority at a crime scene.
What is public and officer safety?
The 3 crimes relating to hate are...
What is willful promotion of hatred, advocating genocide, & public incitement of hatred?
The lowest level of belief that may justify a detention, not arrest - belief formed from concrete circumstantial evidence.
What is reasonable suspicion?
These are the two legal documents an enforcement officer can use to compel a witness to appear in court under the Provincial Offences Act.
What are a summons and a subpoena?
The Ten Code used when back in service.
What is 10-8?
This model helps officers make fast, structured decisions.
What is the RDM Model?
These are the three legal reasons an officer may arrest or detain a person under the Criminal Code.
What is to establish identity, to prevent continuation of the offence, and to ensure attendance in court?
The 3 BPS polices when making a IPDA arrest are...
What is the sergent may 'view', attempt to release to a sober adult, medically cleared
Under the Provincial Offences Act, if an officer cannot personally serve a ticket to the accused, they may serve it to another person at the same address — but only if that person meets this minimum age requirement.
What is 16 years old?
Common law requires police to act on this type of call, even if no words are spoken.
What is an implicit distress call?
This case gave guidance on sentencing Indigenous offenders.
What is R. v. Gladue?
These are the three classifications of criminal offences in Canada.
What are indictable, summary, and hybrid (dual)?
These are the five levels of belief used by police.
What are arbitrary, mere suspicion, reasonable suspicion, reasonable grounds, finds committing?
If you seize something in relation to an offence: What authority do you have to photograph it AND How long can you keep a seized item?
What is the Officers are permitted to document evidence for court purposes AND a seized item can be retained for up to 90 days, unless a justice orders it held longer or it is required for trial.
Each of these 3 ten codes can be defined as:
10-46, 10-0S, 10-38
What is at the police station (10-46), suicidal (10-0S), at hospital (10-38)
According to police procedure, what are the first four responsibilities of the first officer arriving at a crime scene.
What are 1) Ensure safety of all persons, 2) Secure and preserve the scene, 3) Provide medical assistance if needed, 4) Identify and separate witnesses and suspects?