Key Term Challenge
Important deficiencies that we are motivated to fulfill.
NEEDS
A word, icon, picture, object, or number that is used to stand for or represent a concept, thing, or experience.
Symbol
An active process where you are specifically making an effort to understand, process, and retain information.
LISTENING
Statements we hold to be true.
BELIEFS
Anything that disrupts, interrupts, or interferes with the communication process.
NOISE
The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
EMPATHY
The process of the listener or receiver understanding the words and symbols of a message and making meaning of them.
Decode
Sharing meaning between two or more people
COMMUNICATION
The process of the sender putting his/her thoughts and feelings into words or other symbols.
ENCODE
An organized, face-to-face, prepared, intentional (purposeful) attempt to inform, entertain, or persuade a group of people (usually five or more) through words, physical delivery, and (at times) visual or audio aids.
PUBLIC SPEAKING
The outward characteristics of the audience.
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
The objective or literal meaning shared by most people using the word.
DENOTATIVE
Listening to evaluate the validity of the arguments and information and deciding whether the speaker is persuasive and whether the message should be accepted.
CRITICAL LISTENING
Examining and looking at your audience first by its demographic characteristics and then by their internal psychological traits.
Audience Analysis
A stable positive or negative response to a person, idea, object, or policy.
ATTITUDE
The inner characteristics of the audience; beliefs, attitudes, needs, and values.
PSYCHOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
The subjective or personal meaning the word evokes in people together or individually.
CONNOTATIVE
Listening focused on understanding and remembering
COMPREHENSIVE LISTENING
The act of adjusting one’s speech or physical presentation to match the social norms of other people in a situation.
CODE-SWITCHING
Generalizing about a group of people and assuming that because a few persons in that group have a characteristic, all of them do.
STEREOTYPING
A severe fear of public speaking
GLOSSOPHOBIA
The use of a clear central idea statement, preview of the main points, connective statements, and overall summary in the conclusion to reinforce the main ideas or points of a speech; the deliberate repeating of structural aspects of speech.
PLANNED REDUNDANCY
Listening for understanding the feelings and motivations of another person, usually with the goal of helping the person deal with a personal problem.
EMPATHETIC LISTENING
Becoming familiar with a speaking venue before delivering remarks there.
CONTEXTUAL PREPARATION
Taking one characteristic of a group or person and making that the “totality” or sum total of what that person or group is.
TOTALIZING