Intergovernmental Relations
Collaborative, dynamic, or working relationships between local, state, and national governments
Intergovernmental Relations
_____ are normative guidelines directed at resolving conflicts of interest so as to enhance societal well-being.
Ethics
Poorer decisions are made when over-conformity causes everyone to go along and not question decisions. The Bay of Pigs Invasion or the beginning of the Iraq War are examples of this theory.
Groupthink
Certification of funds appropriated by Congress; evaluation of lawful, efficient spending by government
Audit
The Parish House, Wounded Warrior Project, and Habitat for Humanity are all examples of these type of organizations.
Nonprofit
The provision by one or more organizations of a specific service or function
Shared Service
The rights and duties that individuals should respect when they act in ways that seriously affect the well-being of other individuals and society and the conditions that collective practices and policies should satisfy when they similarly affect the well-being of individuals and society (from the book)
Administrative Ethics
According to _____, leaders must be strong, decisive, authoritarian, lone decision-makers who the team backs up no matter what.
Theory X
Loan issued (taken) by government to (from) investors or citizens, accrues interest, returned for payment
Bond
As discussed by John Rawls, a(n) _____ is a group of people living together and coordinating their actions together for the purpose of their mutual advantage, the greater good
Society
A(n) _____ Grant refers to funds that must be used for specific purposes with defined spending rules.
Categorical Grant
The solemn promise to act in a moral, loyal, ethical manner in one’s future behavior that those in the medical profession take.
Hippocratic Oath
Lowering the bar on solutions to get the most people to accept it
Satisficing
Name the two offices created by the findings of the Taft Commission and the Budget and Accountability Act of 1921.
Government Accountability Office (GAO) and the Office of Management & Budget (OMB)
Conscription
Employing the business community or non-profits to do the work of government
Privatization
The official record of events, actions, and use of resources used to monitor the ethical use of public fudns.
Log
Name Three of the Theories of Leadership We Discussed
uTrait Theory—leaders are born and possess innate characteristics, can’t be learned
uSkills Theory—individual’s skills and abilities (technical, human, knowledge)
uStyle Theory—task-oriented vs. relationship-oriented behavior determines how well leaders balance situations
OR Situational Leadership, Contingency, Path-Goal, Transformational, or Life-Cycle
The budget for the Department of Health and Human Services is called _____ Spending. The budget for Social Security is called _____ Spending.
uDiscretionary Spending—essential programs, funding can vary
uMandatory Spending—mandated funding by law for entitlements
A _____ is the summarization of the goals, values, and objectives of an organization. They need to be clear and easy to manage. The more targeted, the easier it’s to develop well-directed programs.
Mission Statement
Name and explain the three models of Federalism
Layer, Marble, Picket-Fence
The federal law that protects ____ who work for government and report activity in violation of law, rules, regulations, mismanagement, waste of funds, or abuse of authority.
Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989
Name Three of the Types of Leadership Power
uReward Power—pay, promotions, and bonuses are ways organizations reward workers
uPunishment Power—firing, ridiculing, or disciplining an individual are common techniques
uExpert Power—Power based on the ability to understand, use, and deliver information that others need
uLegitimate Power—control or influence exerted by virtue of the person’s holding a particular position in the organizational structure
uReferent Power—having the desire to comply with a leader’s wishes because of your attraction or support for the leader him or herself. Control is based on persuasion or charisma or even attraction.
Public Budgets Require Revenue which comes from Taxation. Name and explain three types of taxation.
uIncome Tax—revenue collected as percentage of wage, salary
uCorporate Income Tax—revenue collected as a percentage of company’s profits
uPayroll Tax—money withheld to pay for Social Security and Medicare
uWealth (Capital Gains) Tax—profits from sale of stocks, bonds, precious metals, real estate
uConsumption (Sales) Tax—x number of cents added to every dollar spent on goods and certain services
uProperty Tax—assessor decides value of property, used to support local governments and services
Name three of the challenges for fundraising for nonprofits.
Economy, Programming vs. Administration Donations, Transparency on Spending, etc.