Buzz Words
1# presentation in the airport
V/Q mismatch definition
air flow does not equal blood flow
occlusion of a portion of the pulmonary vascular bed by an embolus
pulmonary embolus
obstructive lung diseases
asthma and copd
difficulty emptying lungs
types of pneumoconiosis
silicosis: mining or construction
asbestosis: risk of mesothelioma in smokers who are exposed to asbestos
coal miner's lung
blue bloater
chronic bronchitis
high v/q mismatch means
air flow > blood flow
obstructive lung diseases
COPD and asthma
hypersecretion of mucus and productive cough < 3 months out of the year for 2 or more consecutive years
chronic bronchitis
causes of pulmonary fibrosis
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
pneumoconiosis
cystic fibrosis
recent travel to 3rd world country
tuberculosis
v/q matched defect v = q means
decreases air and blood flow
partial or complete collapse of lung tissue
mcc: post-surgical anesthesia complication
atelectasis
restrictive lung disease
IgE binds to mast cells causing mast cell degranulation
pathophysiology of asthma
cl- channel mutation that impacts the sweat glands, lungs, and pancreas
cystic fibrosis
valley fever
pathology with a high v/q mismatch
pulmonary embolism
not enough surfactant to prevent collapsed lung in preemies
neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
restrictive lung diseases
pink buffer
emphysema
ARDS versus ARF
acute respiratory distress syndrome: Body compensates by increasing respiratory rate and heart rate– MCC: sepsis
acute respiratory failure: body cannot compensate for the inadequate gas exchange – Decreases HR, BP, and respiratory rate
pneumonia
pathology with v/q matched defect
emphysema
s/s foul-smelling sputum
bronchiectasis
opening through chest wall that acts as a one-way valve
tension pneumothorax
tuberculosis
infectious lung disease due to airborne droplets
cause: mycobacterium tuberculosis
s/s granuloma and night sweats