Show:
All These Meds
Testing testing
The Laboratory
Bad Stuff
More Bad Stuff
100
In atrial fibrillation, electrical activity in the atria is disorganized, causing the atria to fibrillate or quiver, rather than contract as a unit. A goal of therapy would be to prevent atrial thrombi from developing and embolizing in the lungs or periphery, by giving this type of medication. Name a few...
What are anticoagulants (Coumadin, heparin, xarelto, pradaxa) (page 1546 also lists other meds that manage afib)
100
During this test the patient is coaxed to a limit of exertion to evaluate myocardial ischemia, dysrhythmia, and cardiac capability under extreme circumstances.
What is Exercise-stress ECG (page 1539)
100
An elevated RBC count indicates that the body is compensating for this, which is often found in heart failure.
What is hypoxemia (page 1540)
100
"Crack" heart, caused by cocaine abuse refers to this heart condition.
What is cardiomyopathy, specifically secondary cardiomyopathy because it has a known cause. (page 1578) Crack is 1 of 10 causes listed there.
100
Heart failure (HF) usually begins in this part of the heart because it is the part most often affected by coronary atherosclerosis and hypertension.
What is left ventricular failure (page 1563)
200
A patient experiencing ventricular tachycardia would be administered these drugs intravenously in order to depress excitability of cardiac muscle to electrical stimulation and slow conduction in the atria, bundle of His, and ventricles.
What are antidysrhythmic agents procainamide or amiodarone (page 1547 and table 47-1 on pages 1548-1549)
200
During this test, _________ is actively transported into normal cells If the cells are ischemic or infarcted, it will not be picked up.
What is Thallium scanning, Thallium-201 (page 1539)
200
These are myocardial muscle proteins released into the circulation after a myocardial injury. This is an important screening diagnostic criteria for an acute MI.
What are Troponins and Troponin I (page 1541)
200
Placing patient in a high fowler's position to promote lung expansion. Administering morphine to decrease Pt anxiety, relieve pain and slow respirations. Giving diuretics to decrease fluid and inserting a foley catheter to monitor urinary output are all interventions for a patient experiencing this.
What is pulmonary edema (page 1571, table 47-7)
200
This is a prominent factor in the development of valvular disease.
What is a history of rheumatic fever (page 1572)
300
This type of medical therapy/name of medication is given when acute MI symptoms have been present less than 6 hours (preferably 30 min-1 hr). They work by lysing the clot in occluded coronary artery, reopening the vessel and allowing perfusion of the heart muscle.
What are thrombolytics, streptokinase (Streptase) (pages 1560 table 47-4 and page 1561)
300
A noninvasive procedure, although a radioactive dye is used to assess the ejection fraction of the left ventricle. Requires NPO 6 hours prior to procedure and avoid caffeine and tobacco use.
What is MUGA scanning (page 1540)
300
This serum electrolyte is required for relaxation of cardiac muscle, whereas this electrolyte is necessary for contraction of cardiac muscle.
What is Potassium (relaxation), Calcium (contraction) (page 1540)
300
Early signs and symptoms of an acute MI in women are not always chest pain. What are they?
What are: unusual fatigue, sleep disturbances, shortness of breath, weakness, indigestion, and anxiety. (page 1558-1559, table 47-3)
300
This is a procedure that may be performed to provide continuous drainage of pericardial fluid and restore normal heart function.
What is pericardiocentesis (performed in patients with pericarditis) (pages 1575 and 1576)
400
This med dilates blood vessels, increases coronary artery blood supply and decreases oxygen demands. It is given to patients experiencing angina pain. What 2 S&S may be present after med is administered?
What is Nitroglycerin. S&S include hypotension and headache (lecture discussion and the info about nitro is page 1560)
400
How is the ventricular ejection fraction (EF) on an echocardiogram gaugued?
What is Normal: 55% to 70%, Moderate HF: 40% to 55%, Moderate to severe HF: Less than 40%
400
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and leukocyte count are elevated in a patient with this disease as a result of this and the clinical manifestation of carditis resulting from inadequately treated infections of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci as a child.
What is rheumatic heart disease as a result of rheumatic fever (page 1574)
400
What is the mnemonic that is used for assessment for veins and arteries? What do they stand for?
What are PATCHES. P- pulses (all pulses, absence of pulse is an emergency) A- appearance (pale, cyanotic, red, necrotic, ulcers, shiny) T- temperature (arterial problem = cool, venous = normal or abnormally warm) C- capillary refill (normal <2 sec, nailbed, pads of toes and fingers, heel) H- hardness (peripheral vascular disease, stasis ulcers) E- edema (I think we all know this by now) S- sensation (abnorm sensations of numbness or tingling? It could result from peripheral tissue ischemia) (page 1582)
400
Distended jugular veins, abdominal distention, and edema that may progress up the body from the extremities are all clinical manifestations of HF originating from here.
What is right ventricular failure
500
This medication decreases the force of contraction of the muscle cells, dilates arteries, decreases blood pressure, and increases blood supply. *hint think electrolyte that produces muscle contractions*
What is Calcium channel blocker- diltiazem, amlodipine, verapamil, nifedipine. (page 1560) This medication is used widely among disorders- angina pain, high blood pressure, CAD, abnormal heart rhythms...
500
The ECG has 3 distinct waves. Match this up: ___1. Repolarization of the ventricles ___2. Depolarization of the atria ___3. Depolarization of the ventricles (^Atrial repolarization is not represented, but does occur during the same time. It cannot be seen on an ECG) A. QRS complex B. T Wave C. P Wave
What is 1. B 2. C 3. A (page 1538)
500
A D-dimer test is a serum venous blood test that helps determine if a thrombus is present. It is used for this type of disorder. What is the normal range for D-dimer?
What is peripheral vascular disorders. The normal range is 68-494 ng/mL (pages 1582 - 1583)
500
What would be immediate treatment of an MI?
What is MONA M- Morphine O- Oxygen N- Nitroglycerine A- Asprin (slides)
500
There are two valvular problems and they are described as follows: _____ is a thickening of the valve tissue, causing the valve to narrow _____ the valve is unable to close completely
What are stenosis and insufficiency (page 1572 and slides)