Genetics
Who is the father of genetics?
Gregor Mendel
Appearance of an organism; the traits you can see
phenotype
Having two of the same alleles (genes/characteristics)
homozygous
In a population of cows, some individuals have a black coat and others have a red coat. The gene for coat color has two possible alleles. One allele is for a black coat (B), and the other allele is for a red coat (b).
Consider a cross between two cows. Both cows are heterozygous for the coat color gene.
What would be the number of Red cows?
One
If a homozygous black duck (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white duck (bb), what is the probability that an offspring will have BLACK feathers?
SHOW YOUR WORK
100% black feathers
Traits are determined by the genes on the ________
Chromosomes
The genetic code for a trait; what is in someone's genes
genotype
Having two different alleles (genes/characteristics)
heterozygous
dominant - ex: R
If the female fly has white eyes and the male fly has homozygous dominant red eyes, what are the chances of the offspring having red eyes?
SHOW YOUR WORK
100% change of the off spring having red eyes
The passing of traits (characteristics) from generation to the next generation
Heredity
RR, Rr, and rr represent what?
genotypes
Homozygous dominant is represented how?
Two capital letters (RR, FF, LL....)
Do lowercase letters represent the dominant or recessive gene?
recessive - ex. r
In pea plants, tall (T) plants are dominant over short (t) plants. Complete the punnett square and give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.
Tt x tt
SHOW YOUR WORK
Genotype: Tt, Tt, tt, tt
Phenotype: 50% tall and 50% short
How many pairs of chromosomes does a human contain?
23 pairs
red flowers; blue eyes; red hair
phenotype
Homozygous recessive is represented how?
Complete the punnett square for a Heterozygous black dog (Bb) and a brown dog (bb). What is the probability of having offspring with brown fur?
SHOW YOUR WORK
50% chance the offspring will have brown fur
In pea plants, tall (T) plants are dominant over short (t) plants. Complete the punnett square and give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.
Tt x Tt
SHOW YOUR WORK
Genotype: TT, Tt, Tt, tt
Phenotype: 75% tall and 25% short
The study of how traits are inherited
genetics
Complete the Punnett square for a Homozygous Dominant (FF) brown eyes and a Heterozygous (Ff) brown eyes. List the genotypes and phenotypes, giving the percentages as well.
FF, FF, Ff, Ff - 100% offspring will have brown eyes
Heterozygous is represented how?
One capital and one lower case letter (Rr, Ff, Ll...)
One flower is heterozygous red (Rr) and it is crossed with a homozygous white (rr) plant. Use a Punnett square to determine the probability of one of their offspring having a red color.
SHOW YOUR WORK
50%
Green is dominant to yellow. Two heterozygous green plants are crossed. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?
SHOW YOUR WORK
GG, Gg, Gg, gg
75% green, 25% yellow